The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect on the physiological and biochemical aspects of garlic submitted to water deficit, knowing that the popular garlic Allium sativum L. is a culture known worldwide for its medicinal, culinary and ecological properties of agricultural pests. were constituted with water condition of 100; 75; 50 and 25% of pot capacity (CP). Three bulbs were planted per pot (5 L) containing Plantmax® substrate, irrigated every two days, according to pot capacity. The chlorophyll index was evaluated during the first and last week of greenhouse treatments. At 45 days after the treatments, the garlic plants were harvested to evaluate the physiological and biochemical parameters. Garlic plants showed to be sensitive to water deficit, resulting in lower leaf length and fresh biomass. Water stress induced the activity of the APX enzyme in the leaves and of the POD in the roots, as well as increase of proteins in the bulbilhos as biochemical mechanisms of adaptation.