This study aimed to determine the dietary effects of honeybee pollen (BP) on growth parameters, intestinal microbiota, hepatic histoarchitecture, and intestinal histomorphometry of African catfish Clarias gariepinus juveniles. The feeding experiment was carried out in a recirculating aquaculture system under controlled conditions for 21 days to achieve more than a 10-fold increase in weight in fish from the control group. Fish were fed well-balanced commercial feed without any supplements and served as a reference group (group C) and other diets enriched with varying BP levels as 1% (BP1), 2% (BP2), and 3% (BP3). Results showed a significant (p < 0.05) effect of the dietary BP not only on the growth parameters (such as final body weight: 5.0 g to 6.6–7.5 g, weight gain: 0.23 g/d to 0.31–0.35 g/d, body length: 84.7 mm to 93.8–95.9 mm, and specific growth rate: 11.7%/d to 13.1–13.7%/d, group C vs. experimental groups, respectively) but also on the development of beneficially important gut microbiota, such as lactic acid-producing bacteria. In BP-enriched groups, an average of 45% higher body weight gain was observed compared to those reared in the control group. The histological analysis showed that dietary BP may have a positive effect on the development of the intestinal tract and may enhance the absorption of nutrients with the potential ability to maintain a normal hepatic histoarchitecture of the treated African catfish. The results obtained suggest the optimum level of BP additive to feed for African catfish should be 1%.
Aim Nowadays, in vast majority of emergency patients with gastrointestinal obstruction laparoscopy is not the treatment of choice. In our department laparoscopy is routinely used in emergency admitted patients, also those with abovementioned condition, sometimes yielding unexpected and thrilling results. The aim of this work is to present a laparoscopic internal hernia repair with simultaneous “Phrygian-cap-type” gallbladder excision, performed on a patient with small intestine obstruction and chronic acalculous cholecystitis. Material and Methods A 57-year-old patient was admitted to our department as an emergency, with a one week history of symptomatic cholecystitis accompanied by gastrointestinal obstruction. CT revealed atypical suprahepatic displacement of the small intestine. An attempt of conservative treatment failed after the re-initiation of oral nutrition. The patient was qualified for laparoscopy. Results An anatomical variant of the liver ligaments was visualized with two defects in the anteriorly displaced coronary ligament and shortening of the falciform ligament. Those defects formed the hernia ring entrapping a small intestine of a total length of about 1.5 m. The falciform ligament was dissected. To avoid re-entrapment of the intestine, most of the coronary ligament was severed. Consecutively the inflamed gallbladder was removed. The unusual anatomical variation of its structure, the so-called “Phrygian cap”, was an additional difficulty. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusions The presented material demonstrates the possibility of immediate treatment of intestinal obstruction, even in a complicated cases, with laparoscopic manner, without the need of conversion to the open method.
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