In the present study, ovarian follicular fluid and serum biochemical, hormonal, electrolytes and amino acids profiles in female dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius), were investigated. Fluid from small (2-6 mm) and large follicles (7-20 mm) and blood samples were collected from 25 clinically healthy adult female camels. The concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, urea, total proteins, albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and tri-iodothyronine were lower (p < or = 0.05) in large follicles when compared with the small follicles. However, the concentrations of low-density lipoproteins, uric acid, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in small and large follicles did not differ. The concentrations of oestradiol 17-beta and progesterone were higher (p < or = 0.05) in large follicles. The serum concentrations of these hormones were many folds lower (p < or = 0.05) than those of follicular fluid. Among electrolytes, the concentration of phosphorus was higher (p < or = 0.05) in the large follicles, while that of potassium and chloride were lower (p < or = 0.05) in the small follicles. Serum concentrations of sodium, chloride, calcium and phosphorous were higher (p < or = 0.05), while that of potassium lower (p < or = 0.05) than corresponding concentrations in the follicular fluid. The concentrations of leucine and arginine were higher (p < or = 0.05) in follicular fluid when compared with serum concentrations, while the reverse was true for other amino acids. In conclusion, this study is indicative of either low or high concentrations of certain biochemical metabolites, hormones, electrolytes and amino acids in small and large follicles for the individual roles that they play in the growth and development of follicles in the one-humped she-camel.

No abstract

No abstract

Aims:The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of Bolton intermaxillary tooth-size discrepancy among Saudi orthodontic patients and to evaluate gender differences. Materials and methods:Pretreatment study models of 98 Saudi orthodontic patients (45 men and 53 women) were included in this study. The mesiodistal width from 1st molar to the opposite 1st was measured by a digital caliper, and Bolton anterior ratio (BAR) and Bolton overall ratio (BOR) were calculated. The independent samples t-student test was used to compare the values of BAR and BOR between men and women. The Chi-square test was used to test the gender differences in patients having Bolton tooth-size ratio away from 2 SD of Bolton mean value.Results: Significant differences were not found between men and women in BAR and BOR. The frequency of intermaxillary tooth-size discrepancy was 21.6% and 17.3% for anterior and overall ratio, respectively. Significant differences were found between men and women in the anterior and overall intermaxillary tooth-size discrepancy. Conclusion:Male orthodontic patients possess significantly more anterior and overall intermaxillary tooth-size discrepancies than female patients. Furthermore, the prevalence of Bolton tooth-size discrepancy in Saudi orthodontic patients is quite large enough to lead clinicians to be aware of it and proceed Bolton index in their quotidian orthodontic diagnosis.Clinical significance: The failure to diagnose intermaxillary tooth-size discrepancies prevents obtaining optimal occlusal relationship and increases the duration of the orthodontic therapy. Clinicians must consider Bolton tooth-size analysis as a primordial tool in their quotidian orthodontic diagnosis process and treatment planning so that they can avoid embarrassing situations at the end of the treatment.

No abstract