Phonological errors in communicating will let the listener gain a different meaning and communication becomes impeded. The students' errors are due to their lack of understanding of the sound system of language, as their second-language acquisition. The problem in this research is what type of phonological errors are made by students when they are listening to the short story and will impact on their speaking. The data is conducted in the language laboratory of The National University in Jakarta by secondsemester students in the subject of Spoken English. in the Faculty of Letters, English Department. The purpose of this research study is to learnthe difficulties of students when learning Basic Spoken English. The method used is descriptive with content analysis techniques. The result showed the most the biggest of surface structure taxonomy of phonological errors created by the students when they are listening to the short story and has impacted on speaking is global errors in diphthong (61,29%). This is because in Indonesian there is no sound of a diphthong. These global errors will have an effect on good communication. The students should study the phonological system in the target language, especially diphthong sound, in addition to vowels and consonants. It is expected that the lecturer often guides students' pronunciation based on the point and the manner of articulation and improve if they are not able to.

The cooperative learning model is part of a learning structure that has a broad scope. Inside there are approaches, strategies, methods and techniques. One important aspect of a learning model is syntax, which is the standard steps that must be taken in implementing the model. The purpose of this study is to develop management learning system on teaching materials based on active learning in cooperative learning. The collected-data can be in the forms of poll result, stuffing and field notes on the instrument activity sheet on the state of implementation of lectures and learning. Data were analyzed using statistical methods. Hypotheses were tested using t-tests to see the impact of cooperative learning models. The results of this research are: (1) teaching materials based on active learning and (2) article related to active-cooperative learning. The results of the expert validation of learning, teaching materials to be eligible, for subsequent use in learning. In relation to the advantages of using the cooperative learning model which is proved can make a positive interdependence; recognition in responding to individual differences; students are involved in class planning and management; a relaxed and pleasant class atmosphere; establishing a warm and friendly relationship between students and teachers; and having many opportunities to express pleasant emotional experiences.

The Gifted Young Scientists (GYS) in Indonesia in this decade are getting stronger. However, the minimum level of education makes equity in Indonesia not running optimally.

<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This study was conducted to analyze the coherence and unity of the paragraphs written by students in their descriptive text. The method of the study was descriptive analysis by using content analysis. The result of the research stated that: (1) the students’ writings are coherent. It could be seen in pronoun, anaphora, cataphora, repetition key noun, transition signal, and logical order are well organized. (2) the texts are not unified. They were able to state a clear topic discussion in the first sentence but couldn’t maintain the topic in all of the supporting sentences. They were lack of related supporting details in discussing the topic of the paragraph. The common errors made by the students are from the inconsistent topic, not logical order sentences, redundant sentences, and unrelated sentences. It can be concluded that the students were success to make coherent paragraphs, but they were failed to make unified paragraphs.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: coherence; unity; students’ writing Descriptive text.</p>

Speaker’s good pronunciation makes his/her listener comfortable, and confident to participate in the conversation and his/her mispronunciations bring implications to the listener’s awareness and involvement with the message spoken. The research was aimed at detecting the mispronunciations made by 70 non-native (L2) post-graduate students who were enrolled in the English department and were also school teachers in Greater Jakarta (including Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi [or commonly shortened as Jabodetabek]). They were given English texts to read, and recorded, and a semi-structured interview was applied. Error analysis was employed to check mispronunciations. The results showed that 43 students (61%) made mispronunciations and 27 (39%) didn’t. Mispronunciation was found on vowels by 4 students (5.71%), on consonants by 5 (7.14%), on diphthongs by 3 (4.28%), and on consonant clusters by 14 (20%). Most of the students made intralingual and global errors.