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This paper gives an overview of the methods employed in process-oriented investigations of translation competence and its development and describes their advantages and drawbacks. Furthermore, it provides a survey of the findings gained in this field of research so far. It then focuses on desiderata. Special emphasis will be placed on the contrastive evaluation of methods, on longitudinal studies, as well as on the documentation and dissemination of process data. The design of one longitudinal study, TransComp, which investigates the development of translation competence in 12 students of translation over a period of three years and compares it to that of 10 professional translators with more than 10 years of experience, will be introduced. Furthermore, asset management systems will be suggested to make translation process data accessible to the scientific community and lay the foundations for a platform for information exchange between scholars working in the field of translation process research. At the end of the article, the contributions collected in this volume will be introduced.

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Theoretical approaches towards a classification of texts and empirical analyses of individual text types have been pursued more or less independently of each other. Without reference to a common theoretical framework, the results obtained when analysing individual texts cannot be compared — making it impossible to relate the individual text types to each other, and thus determine the scope of validity of the features which turn out to be characteristic of a group of texts. For this reason, an approach towards a pragmatic text typology is presented which can serve as a framework for the analysis of various LSP text types. In the last part of the paper some implications of this typology for translation studies and translation didactics are described. Résumé: Les efforts théoriques en vue d'un classement des textes n'ont guère été mis en rapport, jusqu 'ici, avec les analyses empiriques de types de textes isolés. En l'absence d'un cadre théorique commun, l'analyse de ces derniers conduit å des résultats sans comparaison possible, et empêche ainsi de reconnoitre la valeur réelle des éléments qui s'avèrent caractéristiques d'un groupe de textes. C'est pourquoi on proposé ici une typologie pragmatique des textes, qui pourra servir de cadre à l'analyse de plusieurs types de textes en langue de spécialité. La fin de l'article examine les effets d'une typologie sur la recherche en matière de traduction ainsi que sur l'enseignement de la traduction.