During the last decades many structural building systems were implemented in multi-story buildings production. Each of these systems consumes energy and produce carbon emissions from the early stage from the extraction of materials to the construction of a building. The selection of structural building systems with low embodied energy and carbon emissions reduces the impact of buildings on the global environment. The purpose of this research is to make a comparison in embodied energy consumption and carbon emissions between the most conventional building structural systems for multi-story building in Iraq. Through examine different solutions for structural building systems. This research aims to identify the most efficient structural building systems and materials in embodied energy consumption and carbon emissions for multi-story buildings in Iraq. Results demonstrated that the building of reinforced concrete structure has provided better results and consumed less embodied the energy and carbon emissions, as compared to the pre-cast concrete and steel structural building systems.
One of the most prominent parts of the building envelop that exposed to the external environment is the facade of building due to the pressure of environmental conditions as compare to the rest of building. Previous literatures had presented many researches in this field, but the study of the effect of the residential building façade design in reducing the energy consumption of buildings had not been adequately addressed for hot desert climate. The aim of this research is to determine the design characters for the façade of residential buildings. That includes wall materials, window to wall ratio, and the shape of windows, that reduce energy consumption in summer session. To achieve this goal, a typical type of two stories residential building had been adopted and tested by software simulation program to estimate the energy performance. The results showed that most efficient materials for the façade were the thermostone block with brick claddings. As for orientation the best results was for north elevation. And for window to wall ratio the best value was 20%.
Sounds of the city reflect daily life activity, social interaction, and special features. The interaction between people and sounds strengthens the identity of a place in the city. Each city has its own characteristics and elements of sounds that distinguish it. There were many recent studies that define the city soundscape. The main research problem is the lack of knowledge about the role of the urban soundscape in the identification of Baghdad traditional city. This article studied the impact of urban soundscape and analyzed its characteristics and elements and its effect on identification of traditional Baghdad city, a questionnaire were conducted in 10 points about the patterns of sound sources and the presence of sounds, satisfaction, belonging, relaxing, spatial enclosure, annoying, specialty of the soundscape, the locate of position, and gradient of sounds, and a total of 30 people were interviewed in three main traditional streets in Al-Shawakaa traditional district. Measurements of sound pressure levels were also made for the total sounds to identify the most prominent types of sounds. The results showed that soundscape for the traditional cities had its indices that enhancing human awareness of soundscape and identification of the place.
The Climate change appears obviously in the world, especially in hot climate regions like Iraq, because of their proximity to the equator and the geographical desert nature, which requires strategies to adapt climate change in effective ways. One of the most prominent of these strategies is the implemented of environmental criteria for buildings, to minimize the climate change effect. This research problem is that no obvious perception for the obstacles and the assistant methods for adopted environmental criteria as a strategy to adapt climate changes in Iraq". To solve this problem a questionnaire were designed about the main research indicators and delivered to the building industry practitioners. Statistical analysis were used to calculate the results, using IBM SPSS V23 software, the results find that the obstacles of application environmental criteria are economic, social, technical, and legislation. And the assistant method includes developing technical aspects, enabling human resources, cooperation with responsible authorities and decision-makers, and community awareness. The results indicated many recommendations for the local government, community organizations and the workers to implement environmental criteria as a strategy to adapted climate change in Iraq.
Urban spaces are prominent urban configurations for the cities, its important came from its role on encourage human daily social communication and activities. During last decades several studies searched on achieving thermal comfort in cities and urban spaces, the importance of providing thermal comfort at the urban scale in the city had emerged because of its importance to pedestrian daily activities. However, the study of the characteristics formation of open spaces and their effect on providing thermal comfort in the city of Baghdad as an example of hot dry areas was not addressed previously, and this is what represents the research problem. This research aims to analyze the reality of the situation of (Al Ghurery Square) in Al Rashid Street and study the effect of its formal properties on thermal comfort Using Envi-Met Software. The results showed that the Predicted mean vote, Mean radiant temperature near the arcade surrounding the semicircular building achieved better results as compare to street space. While the wind speeds in the street space was higher.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.