PurposeTo evaluate the incidence and severity pattern of dry eye after phacoemulsification.SettingKing Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.DesignProspective descriptive study.MethodsSamples were collected from ninety-two uncomplicated cataract patients who were 18 years old or older. Dry eye incidence and pattern were analyzed at days 0, 7, 30 and 90 after phacoemulsification using (1) Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, (2) tear break up time (TBUT), (3) Oxford ocular surface staining system, and (4) Schirmer I test without anesthesia.ResultsSeven days after phacoemulsification, the incidence of dry eye was 9.8% (95% confidence interval; 3.6–16.0%). The severity of dry eye peaked seven days post-phacoemulsification and was measured by OSDI questionnaire and all three clinical tests. Within thirty days and 3 months post-surgery, both the symptoms and signs showed rapid and gradual improvements, respectively. However, dry eye post-phacoemulsification was not significantly associated with sex and systemic hypertension (P = 0.26, 0.17 and 0.73, respectively).ConclusionsThe incidence of dry eye after phacoemulsification was 9.8%. Symptoms and signs of dry eye occurred as early as seven days post-phacoemulsification and the severity pattern improved over time. We recommend that ophthalmologists should evaluate patients both before and after phacoemulsification to prevent further damage to the ocular surface and able to manage the patient promptly and effectively so the patient will not have a poor quality of life and vision due to dry eye syndrome.

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Brain tumors are the leading cause of death from childhood cancer. Overall survival has improved due to earlier detection, better therapies, and improved posttreatment surveillance. Permanent sequelae of the tumor and its treatment may cause severe impairment and decreased quality of life (QoL). Pediatric primary brain tumor patients' vision can be severely affected, even when the tumor location does not primarily involve the visual pathway. Visual dysfunction and impaired vision-related QoL may not be detected or screened for in children with primary brain tumors for many reasons, including examination difficulty and lack of awareness. The authors review the ophthalmic presenting symptoms, effects on vision, and quality of life in pediatric patients with primary brain tumors. They also describe and emphasize the importance of systematic neuro-ophthalmologic examinations in this population, which may improve long-term visual and QoL outcomes through earlier interventions.