In this paper, the analysis of recent advances in genetic algorithms is discussed. The genetic algorithms of great interest in research community are selected for analysis. This review will help the new and demanding researchers to provide the wider vision of genetic algorithms. The well-known algorithms and their implementation are presented with their pros and cons. The genetic operators and their usages are discussed with the aim of facilitating new researchers. The different research domains involved in genetic algorithms are covered. The future research directions in the area of genetic operators, fitness function and hybrid algorithms are discussed. This structured review will be helpful for research and graduate teaching.
The objective of present study was to evaluate the efficacy of multi-gluconeogenic precursor supplementation (Bovicharge®, M/S Carus Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., contains multi-gluconeogenic precursors namely propylene glycol, glycerol and sodium propionate) on blood glucose concentrations and milk yield in postpartum cross bred cows. Ten days prior to expected calving, 20 cows were randomly assigned to either control group (n=10) orthe treatment group (n=10). Cows in the control group were fed ration without any supplementation, while ration of cows enrolled in the treatment group were supplemented with 400 ml of the mixture of multi-gluconeogenic precursors (Bovicharge®) on the day of calving and thereafter 200 ml once orally per day for three consecutive days after calving. Blood samples by jugular venipuncture were obtained from each cowat one week prior to the expected day of calving, on the day of calving and on 2nd, 4th and 6th days postpartum for estimation of blood glucose. Daily milk production was also recorded on the day of calving, and on 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 7th days after calving. It was observed that treatment group cows (Bovicharge®treated cows) had higher blood glucose levels at all the postpartum observations. The milk production on 7th day of calving was significantly higher in cows of the treatment group compared to control group. Hence, it is concluded that feeding of recommended dosage of mixture of multi-gluconeogenic precursors at the time of calving improved blood glucose level and the milk production, and may also help in prevention of ketosis in postpartum dairy cows.
Background: Pterygium is a wing-shaped ocular surface lesion traditionally described as an encroachment of bulbar conjunctiva onto the cornea. Hence; the present study was undertaken for comparing the efficacy of conjunctival autografts using sutures and fibrin glue in patients undergoing pterygium excision surgery. Materials & Methods: 40 patients presenting with the pterygia of various types were enrolled. Patients were divided into 2 groups with 20 patients in each group, for applying sutures and fibrin glue to one group each. Each eye of the patient was considered as one case. Screening of the patient by brief history and general physical examination was done. Diffuse torch light examination for details of the pterygium and to rule out any other gross ocular pathology. Follow-up was done and postoperative findings were compared. Results: Mean duration of surgery of the suture group and the glue group were 31.5 minutes and 18.4 minutes respectively. Significant results were obtained while comparing the mean duration of surgery. Patient discomfort was significantly less in the glue group in comparison to the suture group.
Conclusion:From the above results, the authors concluded that the use of fibrin glue to attach the free conjunctival autograft in pterygium surgery produces shorter operating time and less post-operative discomfort as compared to sutures.
Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from several interacting pathophysiologic factors. The present study was conducted to assess Acne vulgaris and its association with ocular dryness. Materials & Methods: 86 patients with acne vulgaris underwent assessment of Schirmer's test, tear film breakup time (TBUT), tear film height, presence of conjunctival injection, punctate epithelial erosions (PEE), and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Results: Out of 86 patients, males were 56 and females were 30. Common complaints were watering & burning eyes in 42, foreign body sensation in 14, itching in 20, redness in 6 and on off vision blurring in 4 patients. The corneal findings were lustureless in 64, clear cornea in 12 and punctate lesions & lustureless cornea in 10 patients. The difference was significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion:High prevalence of ocular findings in patients with acne vulgaris.
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