Energy enthusiasts in developed countries explore sustainable and efficient pathways for accomplishing zero carbon footprint through the H
2
economy. The major objective of the H
2
economy review series is to bring out the status, major issues, and opportunities associated with the key components such as H
2
production, storage, transportation, distribution, and applications in various energy sectors. Specifically, Part I discussed H
2
production methods including the futuristic ones such as photoelectrochemical for small, medium, and large-scale applications, while Part II dealt with the challenges and developments in H
2
storage, transportation, and distribution with national and international initiatives. Part III of the H
2
economy review discusses the developments and challenges in the areas of H
2
application in chemical/metallurgical industries, combustion, and fuel cells. Currently, the majority of H
2
is being utilized by a few chemical industries with >60% in the oil refineries sector, by producing grey H
2
by steam methane reforming on a large scale. In addition, the review also presents the challenges in various technologies for establishing greener and sustainable H
2
society.
Here, we report the scalable synthesis and characterization of low-density, porous, three-dimensional (3D) solids consisting of two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) sheets. The structures are synthesized using bottom-up, low-temperature (∼300 °C), solid-state reaction of melamine and boric acid giving rise to porous and mechanically stable interconnected h-BN layers. A layered 3D structure forms due to the formation of h-BN, and significant improvements in the mechanical properties were observed over a range of temperatures, compared to graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide foams. A theoretical model based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) is proposed for the formation of h-BN architectures. The material shows excellent, recyclable absorption capacity for oils and organic solvents.
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