Toha AHA, Sumitro SB, Hakim L, Widodo N, Binur R, Suhaemi, Anggoro AW. 2017. Review: Biology of the commercially used sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus, 1758) (Echinoidea: Echinodermata). Ocean Life 1: 1-10. Tripneustes gratilla is a species of sea urchin in shallow tropical waters. The species is economically and commercially important, has ecological value, and prospects as a biological control agent. It is considered as the commercially traded sea urchin. Overexploitation has caused a sharp decline in T. gratilla populations. Understanding biological aspects of T. gratilla is critical to the sustainable use of this resource in the future.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai April 2014 di kampung Akudiomi yang dikenal sebagai perairan Kwatisore Kabupaten Nabire Provinsi Papua. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis, mengukur panjang-berat, mengiventarisasi nelayan lokal dan memetakan daerah penangkapan lobster. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik observasi, pengambilan sampling dan wawancara. Pemetaan dan identifikasi hubungan parameter oseanografi perairan (suhu, salinitas, kedalaman dan pH) di daerah penangkapan lobster untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap ketersediaan sumberdaya lobster. Hasil identifikasi diperoleh 3 jenis lobster yang tertangkap oleh nelayan di perairan kampung Akudiomi yaitu P. versicolor berjumlah 111 ekor, P. longipes dan Thenus spp masing-masing berjumlah 1 ekor. Pendugaan pola pertumbuhan lobster dilakukan hanya pada P. versicolor yang merupakan spesies dominan tertangkap oleh nelayan. Panjang karapas P. versicolor berkisar 8-13 cm dan berat berkisar 250-1,097 gr/ekor. Pola hubungan panjang karapas dan berat lobster P.versicolor menunjukkan nilai korelasi positif atau searah terhadap pertumbuhan dengan nilai korelasi 0.8636, koefisien ini bernilai positif (mendekati 1). Berdasarkan analisis pola pertumbuhan P. versicolor diperoleh persamaan = 0.0989 2.4912 , maka pola pertumbuhan relative bernilai < 3 yang berarti allometrik negatif artinya pertumbuhan panjang lebih cepat dari pada pertumbuhan berat. Analisis regresi menunjukan bahwa suhu, kedalaman, salinitas dan pH berpengaruh nyata terhadap variasi hasil tangkapan lobster di perairan kampung Akudiomi. Faktor oseanografi yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil tangkapan lobster adalah suhu, salinitas dan pH.Kata Kunci : Aspek Biologi, Pemetaan, P. versicolor, TNTC, Kwatisore ABSTRACTThis research was done on March-April 2014 at village of Akudiomi that was wellknown as Kwatisore in Nabire Regency at Papua Province. The research aimed to determine species composition, length-weigh relationship, local fishermen inventarization and mapping lobster fishing ground. Method used was descriptive with observation techniqu, sampling and interview. Also, the mapping and identification the correlation between physical oceanography parameters (temperature, salinity, depth and pH) on the fishing ground of lobster was to know the effect on the lobster availability. Resuls showed that during field observation, three species of lobsters were caught by fisheremen in Akudiomi that are P. versicolor for 111 individu, P. longipes and Thenus spp was 1 individu consecutively. The prediction of lobster growth pattern only done for P. versicolor as the dominant species caught in Akudiomi, that P. versicolor' carapace length
An application system connected to a computer network connection and connected to the internet should be concerned about its security issues. Security aspects of an application system such as secured confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and information stored and processed in an application system is very important to maintain the smooth running of an information system. Therefore, an application system firstly should be analysed its security system for the application system could run well without any threats that interfere with the process of a system. In this review paper, the method used to analyze the security needs of an application system is using square method (System Quality Requirements Engineering). This method consists of nine stages developed for helping to analyze security needs.
Poultry production is an important part of the agricultural industry in many countries, including Indonesia. Antimicrobial agents are widely used in the poultry industry to reduce the significant losses caused by Escherichia coli infections and welfare of animals. However, utilizing antibiotics in food production in excess and/or inappropriately animal infections have also evolved antibiotic resistance. This study aims to determine the resistance patterns of Escherichia coli in broiler chickens to antimicrobial agents. In this study, 50 E. coli strains isolated from the cecum and carcass samples of broiler chickens from markets in Bogor West Java, Indonesia were tested for antimicrobials of both veterinary and human significance (sulfamethoxazole, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, colistin sulphate, and chloramphenicol). The antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated E. coli was determined using the standard disc diffusion procedure and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Performance Standards. The results showed that 66% of E. coli isolates were resistant to colistin sulphate, 52% were resistant to Sulfamethoxazole, 30% were resistant to meropenem, and 15% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and 8% were resistant to chloramphenicol. The presence of multiple drug-resistant E. coli strains in broiler chickens is highlighted in this study. It showed that there was multiple resistance of E. coli to four types of antibiotics (4%), three types of antibiotics (20%), and two types of antibiotics (18%). In this study, Escherichia coli has developed resistance to colistin sulphate and chloramphenicol, both of which have been banned from use in livestock. This may be due to the spreading of contamination of resistant bacteria from the environment. The data revealed the relative risks associated with the use of antimicrobials in the poultry industry, therefore antibiotic usage in poultry farms should be restricted.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.