The Bangka Belitung Islands have enormous natural resources, including mining products, forest products, marine products and plantation products. The cultivated plantation can consist of groups or individuals. One of the plantation products managed by the community in Belitung, especially in the Regency of Bangka, is cassava. Various kinds of food are processed using raw cassava, one of which is produced by a home industry in other words Small and Medium Industries (IKM) in the village of Banyu Asin, Bangka Regency. Using a simple production tool made of wood and fitted with a cutting knife to slice cassava and use a tool that was bought from the market made of plastic base material and installed a blade to slice manually. This research was conducted to help make a machine that can simplify and reduce the energy of workers in the process of making cassava chips. The method used to solve this problem is starting with the compilation of a list of required product requirements, making and selecting concepts, designing components, making detailed technical drawings, making and assembling and testing the function of the tools. Testing the function of the tool is done in order to find out whether the tool that has been made can function properly and can do the desired slicing. The results of the trial process of the cassava slicing machine made were able to increase productivity and slice cassava as much as 96 kg per hour with one operator. Previously, to slice 90 kg of cassava takes 3 hours with 2 operators.
The design of Single Acting Pulley Actuator (SAPA) Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) utilizes combinations of DC motor system, gear reducers and power cam mechanisms to actuate primary movable pulley sheaves on the transmission shaft. The secondary pulley supported by spring provides a belt clamping force to prevent slips, while the secondary controls the rubber v-belt from slipping. Since the methods of controlling these are similar, this paper only discusses the primary part. The servomotor regulates the axial movement of primary movable pulley sheaves to shift the rubber v-belt placed between the sheaves, and change the belt-pulley contact radius. Changing this contact radius means changing the CVT ratio. Computer simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed PD controller. The research outcome gives a significant result to complete 75.08° rotation of the CAM from lower gear ratio to top gear ratio is less than 6.79 sec, with minimum error and less overshoot with a manual PD tuning contribution to the field of DC motor based electro-mechanical CVT control system.
Pulley-based continuously variable transmission (CVT) with a metal pushing V-belt is fast becoming the preferred choice for global carmakers due to its potential particularly in terms of fuel efficiency thanks to its continuous and wide ratio range. Nevertheless, the existing CVTs still face the issues of high power consumption from the engine because of the application of an electro-hydro-mechanical (EHM) actuation system for its ratio changing process and clamping force mechanism. To address this issue, researchers from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia have successfully developed the prototype of an electro-mechanical dual-acting pulley continuously variable transmission (EMDAP CVT) for automotive applications. The prototype of EMDAP CVT is developed for a maximum input torque of 160 Nm with the application of a metal pushing V-belt. The results from the testing prove that the prototype can vary its ratio from 2.8 to 0.6 and no continuous power is required to maintain a constant CVT ratio. These results suggest that the prototype is workable and future testing in a real car is possible.
Continuously variable transmissions (CVT) have received great interest as viable alternative to discrete ratio transmission in passenger vehicle. It is generally accepted that CVTs have the potential to provide such desirable attributes as: a wider range ratio, good fuel economy, shifting ratio continuously and smoothly and good driveability. With the introduction of Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT), maintaining constant engine speed based on either its optimum control line or maximum engine power characteristic could be made possible. This paper describes the simulation work in drivetrain area carried out by the Drivetrain Research Group (DRG) at the Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai Johor. The drivetrain model is highly non-linear; and it could not be controlled satisfactorily by common linear control strategy such as PID controller. To overcome the problem, the use of Adaptive Neural Network Optimisation Control (ANNOC) is employed to indirectly control the engine speed by adjusting pulley CVT ratio. In this work, the simulation results of ANNOC into drivetrain model showed that this highly non-linear behaviour could be controlled satisfactorily.Keyword: Adaptive neural network, CVT control, electromechanical CVT, engine speed control.
Transmission ratio change in today’s motor cycle rubber belt Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) are based on centrifugal forces resulted from engine revolution. Compare to manual transmission, this kind of CVT needs higher engine revolution to start engaging the transmision ratio which in turn requiring more fuel consumption. A transmission ratio change concept based on an Electro-mechanical actuator consisting of cam, actuator gears and DC motor has been developed to eliminate the dependancy of transmission ratio on engine revolution. The DC motor rotates the cam through actuator gears. The rotation of the cam causes the primary movable pulley sheave to move in axial direction, which in turn changing the belt-pulley pitch radius and changing the transmission ratio. This research aims to design and implement an electronic measurement system based on Arduino Uno as a data acquisition system and Matlab/Simulink as a controller program to obtain the measurement data of primary pulley and secondary pulley speeds and primary pulley axial position. Based on these data, the transmission ratio can be determined and the relationship between transmission ratio and primary pulley posistion can then be obtained. For future development, these measurement data will be used as important references when developing and testing the transmission ratio controller programs.
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