Natural products continue to stay as a significant reservoir for discovering potentially novel drug lead compounds, in which endophytic fungi have a wide range of interest as an abundant source for bioactive products. TB is considered a controlled disease until 1980, but this strategy has changed due to multidrugresistant and HIV pestilence, hence TB has turned into one of the leading public health issues of the 21st century. Antibacterial agents isolated from natural products have several advantages like lesser side effects, longer history of usage by patients and reduction in cost. Microbes isolated from the plant can produce new secondary compounds with a wider range of application in medicinal fields. Universally, plants continue to be a rich source for producing novel bioactive metabolites which include anti-tuberculosis agents. The study reports that out of 11 tuberculosis drugs, 7 of them are isolated from microorganisms.
Endophytic fungi isolated from plants serve as a significant and novel source of biotherapeutic compounds with their potential application in several fields. As plant sources are widely investigated as new chemical existence in therapeutic purposes, so endophytes residing inside it also contribute to being a significant source for drug discovery. Currently, human faces a lot of challenges for surviving due to the emergence of unknown diseases, infections and also resistance to drugs in the ecosystem. So, demand has been increased in the medicinal field for the requirement of bioactive compounds productions. To overcome these, endophytes can be considered as an alternative potential source. Different types of endophytes exist, in which fungi are considered to be a rarely unexplored microorganism as it is a reservoir of largely unexploited bioactive metabolites. This review mainly focused on the ecofriendly relationship with their host and also its biotherapeutic potential in treating several diseases.
In the past decade, much progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of inflammation and the implication of free radicals in it. Steroid drugs are usually used for treating inflammatory diseases but it requires prolonged treatment and also it causes serious issues. Therefore there is a need to search for alternate treatments. From this perspective, several medicinal plants have been proven to be efficient in treating inflammation and pain. At present, researchers are interested in examining pharmacological impacts and its mode of action of medicinal plants by in-vitro and in-vivo models. Therefore, in this study the methanol and petroleum ether leaf extracts of Momardica charantia, Citrullus lanatus, Coccinia grandis and Lagenaria siceraria were studied for anti-inflammatory activity using protein denaturation assay.
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