Columns manufactured with pre-cast concrete could reduce construction waste and CO2 emissions by reducing the use of temporary materials such as formwork. In this paper, three types of connection methods are introduced. The structural performance of pre-cast composite columns connected to beams was investigated for the column connection. Multi-story pre-cast composite columns could significantly reduce the construction time, resulting in a decrease in CO2 emissions. This paper reports the analysis of the compression and bending of a two-story column so as to verify the structural performances of pre-cast composite columns to provide adequate integrity to ensure a safe environment for building accommodation. In addition, a steel-framed column and a steel-framed reinforced concrete (SRC) column configured to feature the same compression performance as a pre-cast composite column were designed on the basis of the analysis results. The CO2 emissions and energy efficiency of the composite columns were compared with those of conventional steel and SRC columns during the design and construction phases. This paper also presents new composite columns providing efficient energy consumption with reduced CO2 emissions for a more environmentally conscientious construction of buildings.
In this work, the energy efficiency and CO2 emission characteristics of a pre-stressed steel-framed reinforced concrete composite beam were investigated for application in high rise apartment buildings. The beam consisted of pre-cast and cast-in-place concrete with a structural T at the end section of the pre-cast concrete. As a result, CO2 emissions were significantly reduced by decreasing the quantity of steel. The composite beams were tested which demonstrated acceptable structural performance as flexural members. The measured flexible strengths of the pre-stressed composite beams were compared with the calculated flexural strengths based on the strain compatibility approach in the yield limit state and maximum load limit state. Good agreement between the experimental and analytical flexural capacities was observed. The application of the pre-stressed composite beams capable of enhancing energy efficiencies while decreasing CO2 emissions could provide a safe structure for a comfortable built environment and will be of great benefits to the welfare of a community as well. This work demonstrates that reduced CO2 emissions can be achieved by introducing pre-stressing in a concrete composite beam and by installing a structural T only at the end of the composite beam.
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