RESUMO. Os atropelamentos de animais silvestres têm recebido especial atenção dos pesquisadores nos últimos anos por se tratar da causa primária de morte em estradas. Contudo, estudos que abordem o tema ainda são escassos e, geralmente, tratam apenas de mamíferos. Diante disso, este estudo teve o objetivo de monitorar a mortalidade de animais silvestres por atropelamentos no trecho Campina Grande -Patos da BR-230 entre novembro de 2010 e novembro de 2011. Foram realizadas viagens mensais com duração média de 2h, percorrendo-se o trecho de carro. Foi comparado o número de atropelamentos no período seco e chuvoso, geral e por grupo. Os animais atropelados foram identificados até o menor nível taxonômico possível, descartando-se os animais domésticos. Foram registrados 188 espécimes de vertebrados atropelados, sendo Mammalia o mais amostrado (n=108; 57,4%). A espécie mais representativa foi Cerdocyon thous (n=87; 46,5%). O maior número de atropelamentos ocorreu no período seco. Quando comparado por grupo, porém, aves e répteis apresentaram um maior número de atropelamentos durante o período chuvoso. Cerdocyon thous, apresentou taxas de atropelamento maiores que em outros levantamentos realizados no Brasil (87 indivíduos, 46,5%), o que parece ser uma realidade local. Dentre os répteis atropelados, 70% corresponderam a espécies de serpentes, que pode estar relacionado ao deslocamento lento e necessidade de termorregulação desses animais e pelo fato de serem considerados "animais perigosos", levando ao extermínio intencional. Palavras chave: conservação, ecologia de estradas, caatinga Wild vertebrate's roadkill on the BR-230 Highway, State of Paraíba, BrazilABSTRACT. The trampling of wild animals have received special attention from researchers in recent years because it is the primary cause of death on roads. However, studies that address the topic are still scarce and generally deal only with mammals. Therefore, this study aimed to monitor the mortality of wild animals by trampling between Campina Grande and Patos in the BR-230 highway from November 2010 to November 2011. Were made monthly trips lasting 2 hours traveled by car. We compared the number of trampling in the dry and rainy period. The animals killed on roads were identified to lowest possible taxonomic level, discarding pets. We recorded 188 specimens of vertebrates' trampling, and the most sampled were mammals (n=108, 57.4%). The most
Phrynops geoffroanus is a testudine of the family Chelidae that has a wide distribution. However, there are gaps in the knowledge of its biology. This study aimed to characterize demographically and morphometrically a population of Phrynops geoffroanus in an ephemeral water reservoir in a semi-arid area of Paraíba, in the period from April 2016 to March 2017. The individuals were captured manually and by hoop-net trap. Data on size distribution were described by mean and standard deviation. Size and weight were compared between sexes and capture methods using a MANOVA. Sex ratio was compared between capture methods using Pearson's chi-squared test. Population density and biomass were calculated. The number of animals captured was grouped into two shifts and compared. Throughout the year, 113 individuals of P. geoffroanus were captured in the reservoir, with a population of 43.4% males, 47.8% females and 8.8% juveniles, with a density of at least 41.8 individuals / ha and biomass of 33.05kg / ha. There is no significant relationship between the amount of animals captured and the amount of rainfall during the period sampled. Due mainly to the ephemerality of the aquatic environments of the Caatinga and the unpredictability of rainfall in this biome, the populations of aquatic species show large variations in population and in their biological activities. Further studies are needed to fill several gaps in the knowledge of the natural history of Caatinga testudines.
Here we describe a new species of Lancehead (Bothrops jabrensis sp. nov.) based on three individuals sampled from a previously unknown population from Pico do Jabre, an isolated and small Caatinga moist-forest enclave (CMFE) located in northeastern Brazil. Although this new species has an external morphology resembling those found in representatives of the Bothrops jararaca (Wied-Neuwied, 1824) species group, B. jabrensis can be diagnosed by a combination of meristic and color characters. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicates the new species represents a unique and highly divergent lineage within Bothrops revealing the existence of a previously unknown phylogenetic lineage that has been evolving as an independent unit for more than 8 million years. Additionally, the estimated divergence time of this lineage conflicts with some proposed scenarios of historical processes associated with the evolution of CMFEs. Finally, the uniqueness of this species indicates its relevance for the maintenance of the phylogenetic diversity of Lanceheads in South America. Like other CMFEs, Pico do Jabre is consistently threatened by poaching, illegal fires, deforestation for agricultural purposes, and illegal logging. The restricted distribution of B. jabrensis, in a small and disturbed CMFE, strongly suggests that this species is critically endangered and is likely approaching extinction as a natural population.
The Craniometric and Prosoprometric study is of great value to establish data that may become a key to identification of the species. Morphometric and descriptive data of psittacine skulls are scarce in the literature. The present study aimed to describe the main bones and to establish measures of the skull of "Blue-winged parrotlet" (Forpus xanthopterygius). Two heads of adult specimens, one male and one female, were donated by the Paraíba Wild Animals Triage Center (CETAS - PB). These were subjected to maceration and to the identification, characterization and measurement of structures and component bones of their respective skulls. Although the natural process of fusing the bones made it difficult to identify the bones, it was possible to identify the frontal, square, jugal, maxillary and mandible bones. These bones are characteristic and easily identified, serving as a basis for locating and identifying others. The maximum length of the skull was 29.0 mm and the width of 16.0 mm. The data obtained serve as a basis for the taxonomic characterization of the species, since no data are found in the literature.
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido junto aos caçadores do Município de Pedra Lavrada, Paraíba, Brasil. O objetivo foi estudar o conhecimento dos caçadores sobre a biologia e ecologia dos recursos faunísticos. A metodologia utilizada envolveu as seguintes técnicas: bola de neve, turnês guiadas, observação direta, entrevistas livres e semi-estruturadas realizadas com 28 informantes-chave. Resultados mostram que a maioria dos caçadores entrevistados é jovem, generalistas (53,6%), moradores da zona urbana (57,9%). As técnicas de caça mais utilizadas foram: com cachorro (n=18) e com armadilha (n=18). Dos recursos faunísticos mais caçados, a lambu, a arribaçã e a rolinha representaram 82,1%, enquanto os tatus peba, verdadeiro e carrasco representaram 67,8% da preferência. Os entrevistados revelaram detalhes sobre dimorfismo sexual, utilização de hábitat e hábitos alimentares dos principais itens caçados, mostrando-se grandes conhecedores dos aspectos biológicos e ecológicos dos recursos faunísticos caçados.
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