Background: The underlying processes of change that contribute to the effectiveness of multidisciplinary pain treatment require clarification. Previous research has found support for pain acceptance as a process variable in acceptance-based treatment.Preliminary findings indicate that pain acceptance may also be a process variable in traditional cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of pain acceptance as a process variable in CBT relative to two empirically supported process variables, namely catastrophizing and pain intensity. Conclusions: Although not specifically targeted in CBT treatment, acceptance of pain was an important process variable that contributed to CBT treatment outcomes after controlling for changes in pain intensity and catastrophizing. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
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