Abstract:In this paper, a power management strategy (PMS) has been developed for the control of energy storage in a system subjected to loads of random duration. The PMS minimises the costs associated with the energy consumption of specific systems powered by a primary energy source and equipped with energy storage, under the assumption that the statistical distribution of load durations is known. By including the variability of the load in the cost function, it was possible to define the optimality criteria for the power flow of the storage. Numerical calculations have been performed obtaining the control strategies associated with the global minimum in energy costs, for a wide range of initial conditions of the system. The results of the calculations have been tested on a MATLAB/Simulink model of a rubber tyre gantry (RTG) crane equipped with a flywheel energy storage system (FESS) and subjected to a test cycle, which corresponds to the real operation of a crane in the Port of Felixstowe. The results of the model show increased energy savings and reduced peak power demand with respect to existing control strategies, indicating considerable potential savings for port operators in terms of energy and maintenance costs.
The purpose of this paper is to study and analyse the energy that is used by the various motors of a crane of the Rubber Tyred Gantry type. For this reason a single Rubber Tyred Gantry (RTG) crane has been instrumented at port of Felixstowe and data has been collected during normal operation for eight days. This data has been analysed in terms of active and idle modes and also in terms of energy usage by the various motors. From this analysis it is possible to determine that on average about half of the energy consumed is potentially recoverable. It is also estimated that the recovery of this proportion of energy could lead to savings of 32,600 litres of fuel and 8,100 tonnes of CO2 per year at Port of Felixstowe.
In this research, there are two major objectives have been investigated for a Rubber Tyred Gantry (RTG) crane system: energy consumption reduction and decrease the stress on the primary source. These objectives can be met by using an advance control system that reads the status of the crane and outputs a power reference value which is fed to the storage device. This paper presents Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) approach to maximise the potential benefits of adding energy storage units to RTG cranes. In this work, FLC is described and simulated, with the results analysed to highlight the behaviour of the storage in association with the specific control system. An actual collected data at the Port of Felixstowe, UK has been used to develop the crane and ESS models and test the proposed control strategies in this paper. Furthermore, a comparison analysis between the FLC and the standard control system (PI) for RTG crane and ESS applications will be presented with respect to energy consumption, fuel saving and the control impact on the energy device. The simulation results of the FLC control strategy for the collected data shows that it successfully increases the energy savings by 32% and outperformers the PI controller with 26%.
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