Public food organizations have come in a relatively short period of time to operate in a highly complex business environment. As a result, quality and especially food safety became elements with new values, in a multidimensional approach of economy consumption. Simultaneously, the globalization of economic and social life has highlighted the need for a unitary approach on how to produce quality and safe products for the final consumer. For this reason, at the international level a series of standards have emerged that organizations have to follow to design, implement and certify food quality and safety management systems that benefit all parties involved. The present paper aims at carrying out a comparative study of certification schemes of food safety management systems in an attempt to give organizations the opportunity to understand what type of quality management system is appropriate to the organizational framework in which they are located, according with established objectives. The research is based on a comprehensive study of specific literature, articles and reference papers, the collection of data being carried out through comparative analysis of international standards, private certification schemes for food safety management products and systems, in the desire to clarify the different approaches but also the similarities and differences between them.
Fusarium is a large fungal genus that is widely distributed in the environment, mostly known for its plant pathogenicity. Rarely, it is involved in human pathology, where the type of infection caused is highly dependent upon the portal of entry and the immune status of the host. The study at hand aims to summarize routine methods used in diagnosing such infections as well as more advanced molecular diagnostic methods, techniques that can play a huge role in differentiating between colonization and infection when trying to decide the therapeutic outcome. Consequently, to further support our findings, two different strains (one isolated from corneal scrapings and one isolated from purulent discharge) were analyzed in a clinical context and thoroughly tested using classical and modern diagnostic methods: identification by macroscopical and microscopical examinations of the culture and mass spectrometry, completed by molecular methods such as PCR for trichothecene and ERIC-PCR for genetic fingerprinting. Isolation of a clinically relevant Fusarium spp. from a sample still remains a diagnostic challenge for both the clinician and the microbiologist, because differentiating between colonization and infection is very strenuous, but can make a difference in the treatment that is administered to the patient.
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