This study investigates the impact of domestic investment on economic growth in Nigeria, using annual secondary time series data spanning 37 years from 1981 to 2017 extracted from the CBN statistical bulletin. Real GDP was used to proxy economic growth, while the key explanatory variable is domestic investment with other control variables as capital expenditure, oil export earnings, exchange rate and inflation rate. The study embarked on pre-estimation test such as unit root test and the bounds co-integration test which informed our methodological choice of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The short run and long run estimates show that domestic investment has positive but insignificant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. This finding departs from those of previous writers due to the improved analytical framework employed in this study. On the basis of our findings, the study recommends a compulsory individual and national savings to boost the level of domestic investment in the country so as to achieve the much desired economic growth and development.
The study investigated the effectiveness of export in the attainment of inclusive growth in Nigeria. The study functionally expressed inclusive growth as a function of oil export, non oil export, investment and foreign direct investment. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a number of literature were reviewed, however, there were empirical regularities in the literature embracing inclusive growth as critical determinant of sustainable growth. Within the context of secondary data which spanned the period 1970-2016, the study utilized econometric technique to analyze inclusive growth model. In the model, real per capita income (proxy inclusive growth) is expressed as a function of oil exports, non oil export, investment and foreign direct investment. In particular, a number of diagnostic tests were carried out on the data before estimation in order to prevent spurious results. These include the unit root test, co-integration test and vector error correction tests. The stationarity test indicated that the data were stationary at first difference, while the co-integration test suggested long run co movement among the variables. In addition, the vector error correction model indicated the relationships among the inclusive growth fundamentals. Findings from the results indicated that in the long run, the coefficients of oil and non oil exports have negative effect on inclusive growth (proxied by real GDP per capita) while investment and foreign direct investment impacted positively on inclusive growth, while in the short run, oil exports and non oil export positively and significantly influenced inclusive growth in Nigeria. This study further suggested that government should intensify policy towards stimulating oil export and promote foreign investment inflows. More so, policy thrust should also embrace diversification of the economic base from monolithic base structure to agriculture.
Nigeria has recorded variations in major macroeconomic variables since independence. Growth episodes over the years though encouraging put has not translated to improvement in poverty incidence. The rate of poverty in the nation has out-grown population growth, hence, this study seeks to relate various sectors of the economy to the perturbing poverty level in the nation with emphasis on the social sectors in which health and education play integral roles. This study examines poverty and social economic mix in Nigeria with the objectives of ascertaining the partial impacts of productivity (as a measure of health outcome), public social expenditures, agricultural output, manufacturing output and infrastructural development on poverty incidence, the study collected secondary annual time series data spanning 37 years from 1981 to 2017 on poverty index (PVTI), productivity due to good health (HP) and other explanatory variables as earlier identified. The pre-estimation techniques adopted include descriptive statistics, Phillips-Perron stationarity test and bounds test to co-integration. The preliminary result reveals that the variables in the model have long run relationship. The parameters of the model were estimated using the ARDL technique and the study found that productivity due to good health (HP) has significant effect on poverty reduction, as public social expenditures, current period’s agricultural output and previous period manufacturing output have similar effects but not statistically significant, however, infrastructural development and current manufacturing output have significant positive impact on poverty incidence in the country. On the basis of our empirical revelation, the study recommends that government should adopt multi-sectoral and big push development approaches with priority on employees’ productivity through free health care programmes for the unemployed, quality health insurance scheme for the employed, free education for children of the poor and unemployed, and that investment in critical infrastructures such as roads, rail, energy and storage facilities that promote agriculture and manufacturing outputs be improved upon if poverty is to be decisively tackled in Nigeria.
This study investigates macroeconomic policies and health status in Nigeria. With the objective of ascertaining the most viable macroeconomic policy variables on health status of Nigerians, the study utilized secondary annual time series data spanning the period of 37years from 1981 and 2017. To test the existence of unit root in the series, the ADF stationarity test was carried and the result shows that all series were I(0) and I(1). The Johansen Co-integration results from the trace test and maximum eigen value indicate the presence of at least three co-integrating equations in the model, implying that a long run relationship exists between health status and macroeconomic variables. The bound test also corroborates the existence of long run association among the variables. Empirically, the estimates ultimately confirmed that public capital expenditure, domestic debt and financial deepening have long run significant impact on health status in Nigeria. Inflation is the only macroeconomic variable that does affect health status significantly. On the basis of the empirical findings, the study thus recommends that for health outcomes in Nigeria to Adeshina et al.; AJEBA, 12(3): 1-18, 2019; Article no.AJEBA.51375 2 improve, appropriate macroeconomic policy mix should be focused on capital expenditure, domestic debt and financial inclusion (making funds available to the poor and vulnerable in the society). Original Research Article
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