AC utilization should be based on co-operation between surgeons, pneumo-oncologists, and patients. Rational use of AC offers better survival in routine practice.
The diseases associated with tobacco smoking affect miRNAs and small single-stranded non-coding RNAs. However, there are no data on urinal miRNAs in healthy smokers. We searched for the possible effect of smoking and smoking cessation on miRNA urine expression. For screening, Affymetrix miRNA 4.0 arrays were used in 33 urine samples obtained from six never smokers and from current smokers in three time-points before smoking cessation (n = 10), after short time abstinence (3–8 weeks), and after long-term abstinence (1 year). For validation, a quantitative (q) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used in 93 urine samples obtained from 18 never smokers and 25 current smokers in three time-points before smoking cessation, after short time abstinence (3–8 weeks), and after long-term abstinence (1 year). In screening analysis, 5 miRNAs (hsa-miR-3620-5p, hsa-miR-3613-5p, hsa-miR-3921, hsa-miR-5094, and hsa-miR-337-3p) were dysregulated in current vs. never smokers after multiple testing corrections. Smoking cessation was accompanied by miRNA dysregulation that did not reach a significant level after a multiple testing correction. In validation analysis, three miRNAs correlated with cotinine, but they were affected neither after smoking cessation nor between current and never smokers. Our whole-genome screening of 2.578 miRNAs and validation suggest that tobacco smoking has no or only a small effect on urinal miRNAs.
Klinika plicních nemocí a tuberkulózy LF UP a FN Olomouc
SouhrnPneumonie je nejčastější infekční onemocnění, které vyžaduje neustálou pozornost. Je definována jako akutní zá nětlivé onemocnění postihující plicní alveoly, respirační bronchioly a plicní intersticium. V posledních letech je patrná snaha zracionalizovat přístup k pneumoniím a využít současné způsoby podávání účinných antibiotik ke snížení výskytu komplikací, omezení počtu hospitalizací a zkrácení délky léčby. Při znalosti většiny potenciálních agens převažuje léčba empirická, která je navíc podpořena znalostí regionální epidemiologické situace, dobrou dia gnostikou a zkušenostmi s racionální antibiotickou léčbou. Velmi důležitá je kategorizace pacienta podle možných rizik komplikací a mortality. Z toho následně vyplývá zvolený způsob léčby: ambulantní nebo formou hospitalizace.
Klíčová slova: komunitní pneumonie -kritéria léčby -prognóza -výskyt
Diagnostics and treatment of community-acquired pneumoniasimplicity is the key to successSummary Pneumonia is the most widespread infectious disease and requires unrelenting attention. It is defined as an acute inflammatory disease affecting pulmonary alveoli, respiratory bronchioles and the pulmonary interstitium. In recent years we have seen the endeavour to rationalize the approach to pneumonias and utilize the current methods of administering effective antibiotics to reduce occurrence of complications, limit the number of hospitalizations and shorten the length of treatment. With the awareness of all the potential agents it is empiric therapy which predomi nates, being supported by the knowledge of a regional epidemiological situation, good diagnosing and experience of rational antibiotic treatment. Very important is categorization of patients based on possible risks of complications and mortality. Considering that an appropriate form of treatment is chosen: outpatient care or hospitalization.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.