Mathematical representation is an important skill in mathematics learning that enables students to interpret and solve problems with ease. However, building confidence in such a skill can be difficult for some students, especially for those who lack self-motivation skills. Therefore, this study examines the effects of the think-talk-write strategy and the expository strategy on students' abilities in mathematical representation in order to understand the relationship between mathematical representation and self-efficacy. In this study, a Quasi-Experiment design comprising the experiment group and the control group was applied. Learning process by Think-talk-write (TTW) strategy was implemented in the experiment group only. On the other hand, the learning process in the control group was accomplished without the TTW strategy. The sample in this study comprised students of the eighth grade studying geometry and spatial relations at a public junior high school. For the purpose of this study, two groups were created: 1) an experimental group, in which the think-talk-write strategy was employed, and 2) a control group, in which the expository approach was applied. In addition, mathematical representation ability and self-efficacy scale tests were used as the instruments of this quasi-experimental study.
Creative thinking is very important in the modern era so that it should be improved by doing efforts such as making a lesson that train students to pose their own problems. The purposes of this research are (1) to give an initial description of students about mathematical creative thinking level in Problem Posing Model with Lesson Study approach in Digital Class, (2) to describe the teaching quality of Problem Posing Model with Lesson Study approach in Digital Class toward students' mathematical creative thinking, and (3) to find the pattern of students' mathematical creative thinking process of Wallas Model in Problem Posing Model with Lesson Study in Digital Class at every creative thinking level. This research used mixed method design. Validation, observation, and test were used to collect the data of teaching quality. The results show that (1) an initial description of students' mathematical creative thinking level (CTL) was in the range of CTL 4 to CTL 1, (2) Problem Posing Model with Lesson Study approach in Digital Class had quality to improve creative thinking, and (3) the patterns of students' mathematical creative thinking at every stage of Wallas Model are various according to their own creative thinking level.
The differences in the development of students' thinking levels, especially in adolescence, impact the way they perceive problems. Contextual learning with ethnomathematics can provide opportunities for students to develop problem-solving abilities based on their level of thinking. This study examined the contextual learning with ethnomathematics to enhance problem-solving abilities based on thinking levels.This experimental research was conducted by posttest only control group design. The participants of this research were 60 students at a junior high school in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province.Data were collected using observation sheets to determine local cultural characters that appeared at the time of treatment. The thinking level category uses the group assessment for logical thinking (GALT) test. The students' mathematical problem-solving abilities use the curved side space material to suit the local cultural context. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics and covariance analysis (ANCOVA). This study results indicate that contextual learning with ethnomathematics influences problem-solving abilities based on the level of thinking. Furthermore, local cultural characters appear in each category of students' thinking levels. Students with formal thinking levels have better problem-solving abilities than transitional and concrete thinking levels. Contextual learning with ethnomathematics fosters problem-solving abilities based on the thinking levels
AbstrakSuatu hal yang sulit bagi guru SMP adalah memposisikan dan mengembangkan anak didiknya yang masih berada pada masa transisi dalam berpikir kreatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi proses berpikir kreatif siswa berdasarkan model Wallas. Penelitian ini ada penelitian deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan data triangulasi. Subjek dikategorikan pada kemampuan tinggi, sedang, dan rendah setelah diberikan tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah eksistensi bagaimana siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Data dianalisis melalui klasifikasi, representasi, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 1) terdapat 23,33% siswa tidak tuntas dan hanya mencapai tahap persiapan, disebut kelompok kategori rendah; 2) terdapat 60% siswa mencapai tahap iluminasi meskipun untuk sampai pada tahap ini siswa memerlukan waktu lama, disebut kelompok kategori sedang; dan 3) 16,67% siswa telah tuntas sampai tahap verifikasi, disebut kelompok kategori tinggi. Bagi siswa dengan kategori kemampuan rendah dan sedang masih membutuhkan pendampingan saat mengalami hambatan pada proses berpikir kreatifnya, sedangkan siswa kategori kemampuan tinggi membutuhkan materi pengayaan. Kata kunci: proses berpikir kreatif, masalah matematika, Model WallasAbstract Developing student's creative thiking is difficult for teacher, especially when they are still in transtition. This study aims to evaluate students' creative thinking process based on the model of Wallas. This is a descriptive and qualitative research where data triangulation is employed. Subjects are categorized into upper, middle, and low category after doing creative thinking ability test. The object of the study is the existence of how junior high school's students solving mathematics problems. Data were analyzed through classification, data representation, and conclusions. The results showed 1) 23,33% of students only reached preparation stage, called low category, 2) 60% of students reached illumination stage though students take a long time, called middle category, and 3) 16,67% of students have completed up to verification stage, called upper category. For students in low and middle category, they still need assistance when experiencing obstacles in the creative thinking process, while the upper category students need enrichment materials.
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