Sea urchins can be used in medicine, has potential as a new type of antibiotic to developed in the pharmaceutical field, which is rich in bioactive compounds as a steroid, triterpenoids, saponins, and antioxidant properties. Conventional extraction generally takes a long time, is less environmentally friendly, and potentially triggers bioactive compound damage, so it needs alternative methods such as Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE). The extracting technology, including ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and solvent variation (ethyl acetate and methanol) of bioactive compounds from sea urchin (Diadema setosum) were optimized and compared. The purpose of this study was to study the application of UAE and solvent variation methods for sea urchin extraction from the Barrang Lompo Island in South Sulawesi. Comparing the maceration and ultrasonic assisted extraction methods. Optimization of extraction with UAE was carried out on the variable of extraction duration and type of solvent. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry results show that ultrasound-assisted extraction generally produces compounds of CHOLEST-5-EN-3-OL (3. BETA.), palmitic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) -, methyl ester, stearic acid, oleic acid, flavonoids, phenols, pentadecanoic acid and batilol and streoid, which has a function as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-cancer agents and antibacterial. The results showed the best results using ultrasound-assisted extraction with a duration of 30 minutes and using solvent ethyl acetate. These results implied that extracts obtained by sonication showed the highest bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, thus proving that this activity depends directly on the antibacterial properties.
Penilaian kesegaran ikan yang paling mudah dilakukan adalah penilaian secara sensori meliputi penampakan, warna, aroma, dan tekstur. Selain itu dibutuhkan laboratorium memadai, alat dan bahan yang tidak dimiliki oleh setiap orang, sehingga seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi diperlukan suatu alat yang praktis untuk mendeteksi kesegaran ikan secara mudah dan cepat. Alat tersebut dapat berbentuk potongan label kecil yang ditempatkan dalam kemasan. Label cerdas ini dapat memberikan informasi kepada konsumen mengenai kualitas ikan yang dikemas dengan perubahan warna, sehingga konsumen dapat mengetahui kualitas ikan yang akan dibeli. Industri pengolahan daging banyak mengembangkan metode untuk mengevaluasi kesegaran dari produk. Salah satunya dengan menampilkan tanggal kedaluwarsa, namun ini tidak mampu memberi informasi kesalahan penyimpanan. Pengembangan kemasan cerdas berupa indikator warna antosianin dari kubis merah dapat memantau kualitas daging apabila terpapar suhu tinggi dan pada saat penyimpanan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan ekstraksi kubis merah untuk menghasilkan ektrak antosianin yang di diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai film indikator warna dalam bentuk film kitosan-PVA (Polivinil Alkohol) dengan pewarna alami dari kubis merah. Metode ektraksi yaitu (1) metode Maserasisonikasi; (2) metode maserasi sederhana; (3) metode perebusan; dan (4) metode perebusankopigmentasi. Ekstrak pewarna kubis merah terbaik diperoleh dari metode maserasi-Sonikasi dengan lama ekstraksi 60 menit memiliki pH 4.63 dengan total 1553.33 mg antosianin/100 g kubis merah segar. Intensitas warna ekstrak antosianin kubis merah menunjukkan Nilai ⁰hue sebesar 281.4 Berdasarkan diagram Munsell, nilai ⁰hue ini berada pada kisaran warna ungu-biru (PB). Sedangkan Total padatan ekstrak antosianin kubis Karakterisasi Antosianin Kubis Merah Sebagai Indikator Pada Kemasan Cerdas 47 merah yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 72.22 ± 0,007%, sedangkan jumlah rendemen yang dihasilkan sebesar 28,34%. Dapat disimpulkan hasil ekstraksi dengan metode maserasisonikasi dapat dilanjutkan sebagai film indikator warna kubis merah. Ini dapat diterapkan sebagai kemasan cerdas untuk mendeteksi kerusakan daging.
Safflower, were extracted using propanol solvent at different time intervals: 10, 20, and 30 min at a constant temperature of 40°C. The extracts were analyzed by GC/MS technique. The major compounds identified were tetrapentacontane, tetracontane, triacontanol, gamma sitosterol, myristic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and lauric acid. However, some levels of palmidrol, beta-amyrin, cubenol, and tocopherol were also found in safflower extracts. Most of the volatile compounds were detected between 10–30 min time of extraction. The 30 min time of extraction also showed the maximum content of polyphenols and antioxidants in safflower extracts. Thus, 30 min was suggested as the most suitable time for maximum extraction of bioactive volatiles, antioxidants, and polyphenols from Safflower using propanol solvent.
Food quality decrease happens up to storage, distribution and transportation. Qualities decreased information be detected by smart packaging have particular indicator. Smart packaging aims to keep condition of food in packaging and gives information about food quality precisely and product security. This research intent to result smart packaging that detects existence Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas Sp . This bacteria gets patogen's character that cause poisoned and infection on body and gets to make soft texture to the meat flesh, meanwhile on fruit and vegetable gets to cause rot, finger rot , and soft texture. These bacteria generally appear in fresh meat, meat products, fruits and vegetables. Smart labels are made from selective media, that Eosin Methylene Blue (EMBA) and Selenit Enrichment Broth (SEB), in formulated with agar powder, tapioca flour and glycerol. Smart label application on fish, meat, tomatoes and spinach produces the right response to detect quality damage in foodstuffs, shown in the results of determination of shelf life, calculation bacteria of Total Plate Count (TPC), measurement of physical properties (tensile strength, elongation, thickness ), color analysis with chromameter and intelligent label sensitivity testing.
Pigeon Pea (Casanus Cajan L.) is one of the local foods in South Sulawesi. Pigeon pea seeds contain protein that the body can absorb. This study aims to determine the optimum operating conditions for extracting pigeon pea on protein and yield using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used by considering three variables, time (30, 40, and 50 min), temperature (40, 50, and 60oC), and methanol concentration (50, 70, and 90%). The experiment results show that yield ranges from 8.85663% to 31.4766% and 46.1538 mg/l to 15584.6 mg/l. Response variables were computed and used to create the contour plot graphs. The optimum operating conditions for sonication extraction were a time of 44.760 minutes, a temperature of 60oC, and a 90% methanol concentration.
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