Documenting how diversity patterns vary at fine‐ and broad scales may help answer many questions in theoretical and applied ecology. However, studies tend to compare diversity patterns at the same scale and within the same taxonomic group, which limits the applicability and generality of the results. Here, we have investigated whether vegetation‐dwelling arthropods from different trophic ranks and with distinct life histories (i.e., ants, caterpillars, cockroaches, and spiders) have different beta‐diversity patterns at multiple scales. Specifically, we compared their beta diversity across architecturally distinct plant species (fine‐scale process) and a latitudinal gradient of sites (broad‐scale process) along 2040 km of coastal restinga vegetation in the Neotropics. Over 50 percent of the compositional changes (β‐diversity) in ants, caterpillars, and spiders and 41 percent of those in cockroaches were explained by plant identity within each site. Even groups that do not feed on plant tissues, such as omnivores and predators, were strongly affected by plant identity. Fine‐scale variation was more important than large‐scale processes for all studied groups. Performing a cross‐scale comparison of diversity patterns of groups with distinct life histories helps elucidate how processes that act at regional scales, such as dispersal, interact with local processes to assemble arthropod communities.

This paper presents 20 species of the genus Blaberus (Blaberidae) included in the atropos, brasilianus and giganteus groups. A new group is defined, and 12 new species are described. The genitalia of the eight known species are described. The descriptions are based on the morphology of the head, thorax and abdomen, illustrating the structures of the genitalia and variations in the form of the structures, some within the same species. New records for five known species are discussed. All material is deposited in the collection of the Museu Nacional Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta vinte espécies do gênero Blaberus incluídas nos grupos atropos, brasilianus e giganteus. Um novo grupo é apresentado. Dessas espécies são descritas doze como novas espécies. São descritas as genitálias de oito espécies já conhecidas. As descrições são baseadas em caracteres morfológicos de cabeça, tórax e abdomen com ilustração das estruturas das genitálias e variações na forma de suas estruturas em algumas delas dentro da mesma espécie, bem como novos registros para cinco espécies já conhecidas. Todo o material está depositado na coleção do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Palavras-chave: Blattaria, morfologia, diversidade, novo táxon, taxonomia. Material and MethodsThe specimens were analyzed morphologically according to the usual techniques, as described by Lopes & Oliveira (2000). The terminology of the genital parts, the basic bibliography, and the taxonomic classification are based on the concepts proposed by Roth (1969Roth ( , 1970Roth ( , 1976Roth ( and 2003. The phylogenetic position of the genus follows Kambhampati (1995) and Klass & Meier (2006). After analysis, the plates and the genital parts were placed in microvials containing glycerin and stored with their respective specimens, mounted on insect pins according to the technique developed by Gurney et al. (1964). All material deposited in the collection will be assigned MNRJ catalog numbers. The material can be found in the Blattaria collection of the Museu Nacional. Results 1) Atropos GroupBlaberus amazonensis sp. nov. Head subtriangular with vertex covered by pronotum; space narrow, measuring about one-sixth of distance between bases of antennal sockets; ocellus large, deflected in relation to the face; antennae long, overreaching base of abdomen.Thorax. Pronotum elliptical, transverse, with lateral tips slightly deflected and apical surface in relief. Developed legs. Cephalic femur with ventro-cephalic margin bearing three robust spines extending from base to near midlength, followed by dense row of small cilia extending to apex, plus robust apical spine; ventro-caudal margin with sparse cilia and robust apical spine; middle and posterior femurs with ventro-cephalic margin bearing sparse cilia plus robust apical spine; ventro-caudal margin with dense row of cilia extending from base to apex, plus robust apical spine. A genicular spine is present; pulvilli on all tarsal articles; nails symmetrical and simple; arolia absent. Tegmen with narrow marginal field, d...

ABSTRACT. New species of Blaptica from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Blattaria, Blaberidae, Blaberinae). Five new species of Blaptica Stål, 1875 from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil are described and illustrations of Blaptica dubia are presented. KEYWORDS.New species, Blaptica dubia, taxonomy. Blaptica confusa sp. nov. (Figs. 2, 8,14, 20, 27, 28) Coloração geral castanho-clara, brilhante. Coloração castanho-escura (1) no pronoto: contorno, faixa centro-basal e manchas irregulares, algumas delas em baixo relevo (fig. 8); (2) na cabeça: espaço interocular mais claro em direção à fronte; (3) na região entre e abaixo da base das antenas; (4) na base do clípeo (fig. 2); (5) nas tégminas, no tronco inicial de todas as nervuras; (6) nas RESUMO. Cinco novas espécies de

This contribution describes and illustrates the male genitalia of two new species of Ectobiidae belonging to Pseudophyllodromiinae, Chorisoneura Brunner von Wattenwyl, and Blattellinae, Xestoblatta Hebard. Both species were collected in the Santa Lúcia Biological Reserve in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.

ABSTRACT. New species of Dendroblatta from Brazil (Blattaria, Blattellidae). New species of Dendroblatta Rehn, 1916 are described: D. matogrossensis from Mato Grosso and D. mineira from Minas Gerais. The male genitalia are illustrated.

ABSTRACT. New species of Xestoblatta (Blattaria, Blattellidae) from the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Xestoblatta insularis sp. nov. is described based on genital plates, male genital structures and modification on seventh abdominal tergite. Xestoblatta Hebard, 1916 is recorded for the first time to southern Brazil.

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ABSTRACT. Three new species of the genus Chorisoneura (Blattellidae, Chorisoneuriinae) collected in Sphecidae nests (Hymenoptera) from Acre State, Brazil. Three new species of Chorisoneura Brunner, 1865 from Acre State, Brazil collected in nests of Podium Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) are described. Illustrations of genitalia are presented.