A defected ground structure‐based rectangular monopole antenna along with 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antennas are presented. The proposed monopole antenna consists of a defected ground structure with two slits and a notch placed at optimum positions to increase the impedance bandwidth. Besides, the radiator is loaded with a U‐shape stub to improve the impedance matching of the antenna. The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed monopole antenna is from 3.18 to 11.5 GHz. Time domain experiment is carried on to investigate the dispersion characteristics of the proposed antenna. Measurement results reveal that the proposed antenna can retain the transmitted pulse shape, ensuring dispersion‐free communication. Far‐field measurements confirm omnidirectional radiation patterns over the operating bandwidth. Moreover, MIMO performance of the proposed 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 antenna arrays are evaluated based on isolation, envelop correlation coefficient, diversity gain, and channel capacity loss. The proposed single monopole and MIMO versions of this antenna can be used in portable UWB communication devices.
The authors have studied analytically by simulation and by experiment the impact of a conducting medium on the mutual inductance between two coils, in particular as related to the attenuation of magneto‐inductive (MI) waves. To illustrate the physics, the distributions of both the magnetic field and the Poynting vector are determined. They show that the plane wave approach used in the literature for the theoretical description of MI attenuation has only limited validity. It is further found that the mutual inductance becomes a complex quantity, its modulus declining monotonically as a function of conductivity or medium thickness. Their results will be relevant for the design and optimisation of MI waveguide links in conducting media, in general, and particularly when the attenuation is caused by soil conductivity. The results can also be useful for practical applications including in vivo communication and wireless power transfer for medical implants.
A tri-band 2×2 MIMO antenna array for 5G applications is presented. It consists of two orthogonally-placed compact tri-band 28/38/60 GHz antennas with the realized gain varying between 3.5 and 8.5 dBi over the operating frequencies. Each individual antenna maintains a monopole-like radiation pattern across these bands. In addition, the MIMO characterization of the proposed array is discussed. The simulation results show that the envelope correlation coefficient of the array is excellent with a maximum value of less than 0.0015 whereas the diversity gain almost attains 10 dB over the entire operating frequency. The simple planar structure of the MIMO array also offers an ease of fabrication and practical integration with other electronic components Index Terms-Ultra wideband antenna, multi-band antenna, MIMO antenna, 5G antenna.
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