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Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can disrupt the endocrine system by interfering with the production, release, transport and metabolism or elimination of natural hormones (Kahn et al., 2020).Consequently, they may induce testicular dysgenesis syndrome by impairing the proliferation and development of testicular cells, which disrupts spermatogenesis (Chang et al., 2015) and steroidogenesis pathways (Sharma et al., 2020).Many classes of pesticides, especially fungicides, act as EDCs, and this behaviour depends on the level and duration of exposure (Mnif et al., 2011). The antifungal activity of triazoles occurs through