Bacterial biofilms play a key role in the pathogenesis of major oral diseases. Nanoparticles open new paths for drug delivery in complex structures such as biofilms. This study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of zein nanoparticles containing anacardic acid (AA) extracted from cashew shells of Anacardium occidentale on in vitro Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation and mature biofilms. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bacterial concentration (MBC), and antibiofilm assays were performed. Streptococcus mutans UA159 biofilms were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite disk for 5 days. To evaluate the preventive effect on biofilm formation, before contact with the inoculum, the disks were immersed once for 2 min in (1) hydroethanolic solution; (2) blank zein nanoparticles; (3) zein nanoparticles containing AA; and (4) 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate. To determine the effect against mature biofilms, the disks containing 5-day preformed biofilms were further treated using the same procedure. The bacterial viability and dry weight were determined for both assays and used to compare the groups using ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05). Both MIC and MBC for AA-loaded zein nanoparticles were 0.36 μg/mL. Groups 3 and 4 were very effective in inhibiting S. mutans biofilm formation, as no colony-forming units were detected. In contrast, for mature biofilms, no difference in bacterial viability (p = 0.28) or dry weight (p = 0.09) was found between the treatments. Therefore, the AA-based nanoformulation presented very high inhibitory and bactericidal activities against planktonic S. mutans, and the results indicate a strong antiplaque effect. However, the formulation showed no antimicrobial effect on the established biofilm.

The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of oral changes in patients seen at the Special Needs Patients’ Clinic of the Dentistry School, UEPB, in the city of Araruna, PB. A retrospective, observational and quantitative study was carried out with the analysis of 59 medical records of patients with special needs seen between the semesters of 2015.2 and 2017.1, since the implementation of this service. Data on the sex, age, CPO-D index, dental treatments and duration of treatment were recorded. Data collection was taken through a secondary form using google forms to store the necessary information and then proceed the study. Data were organized and exported to Microsoft Excel 2016 and then SPSS program was used to analyze statistically and categorize them. It was observed that males were more prevalent (50.2%) in relation to females (48.2%). Age group was composed mostly (76.3%) by people under 40 years. The oral changes were cavities, in 69.7% of patients, periodontal disease in 57.6% and other lesions, such as actinic cheilitis, in 7.6%. The CPO-D index average was 12.10; the dental procedures more performed were restorations (84.75%), supra / subgengival scraping (57.62%), extractions (20.03%), topical application of fluoride (44.06%) and prosthetic rehabilitation (1.69%). Out of 59 patients 74.57% presented periodontal disease and cavities as the main oral changes. The highest incidence of cavities was in females (82.8%) and periodontal disease in males (70.0%).

A new Coronavirus (2019-nCov, renamed SARS-CoV-2) was identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan in late 2019, and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, on March 11, 2020. As it is a highly infectious disease, major regional and national changes have been made, social isolation was recommended, which led to the interruption of various services, including elective dental treatments. This review aimed to identify the changes that occurred in the post-COVID-19 orthodontic practice scenario. For such, a search was made for articles published in the bibliographic bases PubMed, Scopus and SciELO, using the keywords “Orthodontics” and “Covid-19”. From the eligibility criteria, 11 articles were selected for analysis. It was found that social isolation impacted the scheduling of orthodontic appointments and patient’s anxiety about the duration of treatments. The use of teleodontology proved to be an ally in screening and in patient care. Preventive infection control must be adopted for safe orthodontic practice.

<p><strong>Introdução</strong>: a pandemia da COVID-19 acarretou mudanças em todos os segmentos da sociedade, inclusive com impacto na educação<br />odontológica. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: avaliar o medo frente à COVID-19 em estudantes de Odontologia. <strong>Metodologia</strong>: estudo transversal composto<br />por 40 estudantes de Odontologia de uma universidade privada. Foram coletados dados referentes a questões sociodemográficas<br />e aplicada a Escala de Medo da COVID-19 (EMC-19). Os dados foram tabulados utilizando-se o software IBM SPSS e analisados<br />descritivamente (frequências absoluta e percentual, medidas de tendência central e de variabilidade). <strong>Resultados</strong>: a maioria dos<br />estudantes era do sexo feminino (60,0%), tinha entre 16 e 20 anos (50,0%) e 45,0% possuía renda familiar mensal de mais de um e<br />menos de três salários mínimos. A média do escore total na EMC-19 foi de 18,45 (DP = 6,08), com escore mínimo de 7 e máximo de<br />30. A maior parte dos estudantes apresentou “pouco medo” da COVID-19 (55,0%). Os itens “Eu tenho muito medo da COVID-19”,<br />“Eu tenho medo de morrer por causa da COVID-19”, e “Eu fico nervoso ou ansioso quando vejo notícias nos jornais e nas redes<br />sociais sobre a COVID-19” obtiveram os maiores valores médios. <strong>Conclusão</strong>: a maioria dos estudantes apresentou pouco medo da<br />COVID-19, apesar dos itens “Eu tenho muito medo da COVID-19”, “Eu tenho medo de morrer por causa da COVID-19” e “Eu fico<br />nervoso ou ansioso quando vejo notícias nos jornais e nas redes sociais sobre a COVID-19” terem obtido os maiores valores médios.</p>

Introdução: A pandemia da COVID-19 acarretou mudanças em todos os segmentos da sociedade, inclusive com impacto na educação odontológica. Objetivo: Avaliar o medo frente à COVID-19 em estudantes de Odontologia. Metodologia: Estudo transversal composto por 40 estudantes de Odontologia de uma universidade privada. Foram coletados dados referentes a questões sociodemográficas e aplicada a Escala de Medo da COVID-19 (EMC-19). Os dados foram tabulados utilizando-se o software IBM SPSS e analisados descritivamente (frequências absoluta e percentual, medidas de tendência central e de variabilidade). Resultados: A maioria dos estudantes era do sexo feminino (60,0%), tinha entre 16 e 20 anos (50,0%) e 45,0% possuía renda familiar mensal de mais de um e menos de três salários mínimos. A média do escore total na EMC-19 foi de 18,45 (DP = 6,08), com escore mínimo de 7 e máximo de 30. A maior parte dos estudantes apresentou “pouco medo” da COVID-19 (55,0%). Os itens “Eu tenho muito medo da COVID-19”, “Eu tenho medo de morrer por causa da COVID-19”, e “Eu fico nervoso ou ansioso quando vejo notícias nos jornais e nas redes sociais sobre a COVID-19” obtiveram os maiores valores médios. Conclusão: A maioria dos estudantes apresentou pouco medo da COVID-19, apesar dos itens “Eu tenho muito medo da COVID-19”, “Eu tenho medo de morrer por causa da COVID-19” e “Eu fico nervoso ou ansioso quando vejo notícias nos jornais e nas redes sociais sobre a COVID-19” terem obtido os maiores valores médios.

Introduction: periodontal diseases consist of pathologies of chronic course, with a multifactorial etiology, which can cause several harm to body health, as it is associated with other systemic diseases. Objective: to perform a literature review on the Natural History of Periodontal Disease. Materials and methods: the study is characterized by a systematic review of the literature, based on the theme of periodontal diseases. The Scielo database was adopted as a research source, and the publication interval of the articles was limited between 2015 and 2019. Results: 298 articles were found and, after applying the eligibility criteria, 12 articles were analyzed. From there, it was possible to determine the Natural History of Periodontal Disease, from the periods of pre-pathogenesis and pathogenesis, in addition to the conceptual map and analysis of the hypothetical causal model. Conclusion: it was possible to consider that periodontal diseases are mainly related to poor hygiene and lack of knowledge, in addition to multiple associated factors.

Evaluation of the teaching of Orthodontics, in the graduation school in Dentistry of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in the formation of the general practitioner according to the proposals of the National Curricular Guidelines. An observational, cross-sectional and exploratory study was carried out through a questionnaire applied to 77 students from the 9th and 10th periods. For 64.9% of the students, the teaching methodologies used in the orthodontic discipline during graduation were considered very efficient for learning, but 58.4% considered it necessary to increase the time devoted to the discipline due to the extensive practical content of the same. (94.8%) feel capable to do the recovering of space by early loss of deciduous teeth and / or maintaining the space of loss until eruption of the permanent, (51.9%) consider themselves able to treat anterior open bite, in slow expansion of the maxilla (posterior crossbite) (33.8%) responded that they could treat and (32.5%) considered to be able to perform disjunction (rapid maxillary expansion) in all cases and (49.4%) in some cases. In more complex procedures in orthodontics, such as the correction of class III malocclusion with facial mask, only (11.7%) reported being able to perform such procedure. That the Orthodontics discipline of the undergraduate school in Dentistry of the UFCG contributes satisfactorily in the training of professionals able to perform preventive and interceptive orthodontic procedures required by the demands of a generalist in the private sphere and / or public according to the DCN, requiring only more time in the curriculum to provide them with greater autonomy in performing more complex orthodontic procedures.

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