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Background: Gastrointestinal tract is an important site for a wide variety of lesions especially neoplastic which is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and include both benign and malignant lesions. Histopathological typing and knowledge about their prognosis help the clinicians in effective management of the individual patient. Aims and Objectives: To assess the histopathological spectrum of various gastrointestinal lesions and their distribution according to age, sex and site presenting in a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods:The present retrospective study of 400 patients having gastrointestinal lesions was undertaken in the department of Pathology, Civil hospital, Ahmedabad over a period of six months from July 2019 to December 2019. The tissue samples obtained were grossed, processed and reported. Patient case sheets were studied and analysed for data. Results: Amongst 400 cases of gastrointestinal tract lesions, majority were non neoplastic comprising 67% and neoplastic lesions constitute 33%, out of which malignant lesions constituted 30.25% while benign lesions constituted 2.75%. In present study most cases of gastrointestinal tract lesions were found in age group 41-50 years with male preponderance (male to female ratio 1.5:1). Colorectum was the most commonly involved site accounting for 29.75% followed by stomach 21.75% and small intestine 19.5%. Conclusion:Histopathological evaluation is the gold standard for the early detection of gastrointestinal tract lesions especially malignant one hence it helps in their early diagnosis and management thus providing better quality of life to the patient.

Primary spinal cord tumors account for 10-15% of all primary Central Nervous System tumors. Spinal cord tumors can be classified according to their anatomical locations. Lesions outside the dura are termed extradural and lesions within dura are called intradural. Intradural are further classified into two categories, whether they involve substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary) or are outside the spinal cord but within the dura (extramedullary). Ependymomas are the most common glial tumor in adults, whereas astrocytomas are the most common intramedullary tumor in children. This study was undertaken from June, 2017 to June, 2019 and the total cases encountered were 91 with males constituting 40 cases (44%) and females constituting 51 cases (56%). Most common symptom was motor weakness followed by pain, sensory loss and bladder dysfunction. The tumors includes Meningiomas 29 Cases (32%), Ependymoma 24 cases(26%), Neurofibromas 17 cases(19%), Schwannomas 09 cases(10%), Astrocytoma 06 cases(7%) and others. All differential diagnosis of spinal tumors are kept in mind as correct diagnosis helps in the treatment and prognosis.

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Introduction: Hemolytic anaemia is caused by destruction of red cell membrane which may be caused by many underlying pathologies. It may be caused by membrane defects, enzyme defects, hemoglobinopathies, immune destruction and non immune destruction. Specific laboratory tests can readily confirm the diagnosis of hemolytic anaemia. Aims and Objectives:To study the clinicopathological profile of hemolytic anaemia among patients in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 cases were collected over a period stretching from 01.11.2018 to 31.07.2019 at B.J.M.C. and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad. All the newly diagnosed cases and old cases on follow up were included in the study. Results: In the study, beta thalassemia trait 38% was found to be the most common, followed by sickle cell anaemia 20%, malaria 14%, beta thalassemia major 13%, beta thalassemia intermedia 4%, sickle beta thalassemia 3%, sickle cell trait, autoimmune hemolytic anaemia and G6PD deficiency with 2% each. 1case each of hereditary spherocytosis and HbD Punjab were observed. Male preponderance was noted in the study. Predominant peripheral smears finding were microcytic hypochromic red blood cells with various degree of poikilocytosis and anisocytosis. Other investigations like X ray, USG, CT scan, biochemical markers, diagnostic tests like sickling test, osmotic fragility test, G6PD screening, HbS, HbF values, etc. were also taken into consideration. Jaundice, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, gall stones were the most common clinical picture seen in the study. Conclusion:Clinicohematological study in hemolytic anaemia can be concluded by findings on peripheral smear with backing done by hemoglobin electrophoresis. Hemoglobin electrophoresis remains the investigation of choice in hemolytic anaemia. Hemoglobinopathies lead to serious health problems leading to severe morbidity and mortality in Indian population. It is important to emphasize the importance of diagnosing hemolytic anaemia to give definite plan of action regarding the diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic strategies which can be formulated to minimize serious complications.