CAPÍTULO 1 INTRODUÇÃO 1 1.1 Considerações Iniciais 1 1.2 Justificativas da Dissertação 2 1.3 Objetivos do Trabalho 4 CAPÍTULO 2 REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA 6 2.1 Compósitos-Considerações Gerais 6 2.1.1 Evolução 6 2.1.2 Definição, classificação e características 9 2.1.3 Constituintes-matrizes, fibras e interface fibra/matriz 2.1.4 Vantagens, desvantagens e aplicações 2.2 Comportamento Mecânico dos Compósitos 2.2.1 Considerações iniciais 2.2.2 Propriedades elásticas de uma lâmina ortotrópica 2.2.3 Propriedades elásticas de um laminado 2.2.4 Caracterização mecânica por métodos experimentais 2.2.5 Procedimentos de análise pelo método dos elementos finitos 2.3 Resistência Mecânica dos Compósitos 2.3.1 Considerações iniciais 2.3.2 Modos de falha 2.3.3 Modelo micromecânico de resistência à tração
The aim of this study was to analyze the concept of child growth by identifying the attributes and consequences that make up the phenomenon. The concept analysis was supported by 41 studies and based on the evolutionary analysis model and integrative literature review. Five databases, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were searched to select articles. The search found that growth has presented different connotations, including social and physiological aspects, which are part of the physical domain of child development. Attributes, antecedents, and consequences identified provide an overview of the phenomenon analyzed, because these point out several aspects previously related to other studies on child growth. The theoretical understanding about child growth can offer nurses in-depth knowledge about factors involved in this process, facilitating intervention-based decision-making. DESCRIPTORS:Growth and development. Infant. Preschool child. Nursing. Concept formation. CRESCIMENTO INFANTIL: ANÁLISE DO CONCEITORESUMO: Objetivou-se analisar o conceito do crescimento infantil por meio da identificação dos elementos atributos e consequentes que compõem o fenômeno. Para análise do conceito, subsidiada por 41 estudos, utilizou-se o modelo de análise evolucionária e a revisão integrativa da literatura. Para a seleção das produções, buscou-se as bases de dados Scopus, CINAHL e LILACS, o portal PubMed e a biblioteca Cochrane. Identificou-se que o crescimento tem apresentado diferentes conotações, incluindo aspectos sociais e fisiológicos, fazendo parte do domínio físico do desenvolvimento infantil. Os atributos e consequentes identificados trazem uma ampla visão sobre o fenômeno analisado, tendo em vista que apontam diversos aspectos já relacionados com outros estudos acerca do crescimento infantil. A compreensão teórica acerca do crescimento infantil pode oferecer aos enfermeiros conhecimento aprofundado sobre fatores que envolvem este processo, facilitando sua tomada de decisão por meio de medidas de intervenção. DESCRITORES:Crescimento e desenvolvimento. Lactente. Pré-escolar. Enfermagem. Formação de conceito. CRECIMIENTO DE LOS NIÑOS: ANÁLISIS DE CONCEPTO RESUMEN:El objetivo fue analizar el concepto de crecimiento infantil mediante identificación de elementos atributos y consecuencias que componen el fenómeno. Para análisis de concepto que fue basado en 41 estudios, se utilizaron el modelo de análisis evolutivo y la revisión integradora de la literatura. Para selección de las producciones, se buscaron las bases de datos Scopus, Cinahl y Lilacs, el portal de PubMed e la biblioteca Cochrane. El crecimiento se ha presentado diferentes connotaciones, incluyendo aspectos sociales y fisiológicos como parte del dominio físico del desarrollo del niño. Atributos y consecuencias identificadas traen amplia percepción acerca del fenómeno analizado, teniendo en cuenta que vinculan diversos aspectos relacionados con otros estudios sobre crecimiento infantil. La comprensión teórica del desarrollo infa...
This study aimed to identify the presence of the Nursing Diagnosis Risk for Falls in hospitalized patients with ischemic heart disease in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. This was a descriptive and quantitative study. Data collection happened from July 2010 to February 2011, through interviews, physical examination and by consulting medical records. We used an instrument to investigate the clinical and socio-demographic profile of the patients and also a check-list consisting of the Nursing Diagnosis risk factors. Of the 86 participants, 56.5% were male, mean age of 63.95 (±12.6) years. All the participants had more than two risk factors for falls, 46.5% presented six to nine concurrent risk factors. Among the investigated risk factors we identified: use of antihypertensive drugs (98.8%), visual impairment (66.3%), and sleeplessness (54.3%). Therefore, it is important for nurses to plan the care in order to prevent falls, especially for hospitalized patients with ischemic heart disease.
A design and structural analysis of a femoral stem using a polymeric composite material is proposed in this work. The work had some steps in order to achieve trusty parameters for the material behavior aiming the consistence of numerical and experimental results. In the first step, a bibliographic review of mechanical behavior of reinforced polymeric composite materials as well as failure criterion was done.Following experimental steps are presented with specimen manufacturing procedure description and the results obtained from quasi-statics tension tests of polyurethane derivated from castor oil. The next step was the development of a monotonic quasistatic test device for the polyurethane femoral stem aiming to determine the forcedisplacement curve according to ISO 7206-3 and ISO 7206-4 standards. Considering the experimental results obtained it was possible to propose a structural reinforcement, which consists on a tube, in the polyurethane femoral stem and to adopt a progressive failure analysis in order to determine its mechanical behavior. A material model using FORTRAN sub-routine was developed and compiled joint with a finite element program (ABAQUS). The conclusion is that the model developed and the structural proposed reinforcement for the femoral stem bring innovation for this contribution once it is possible to preview accurately the mechanical behavior of the reinforced femoral stem with tube in polymeric composite material.
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