The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed a grave threat to the global public health. The COVID-19-induced infection is closely related to coagulation dysfunction in the affected patients. This paper attempts to conduct a meta-analysis and systematically review the blood coagulation indicators in patients with severe COVID-19. A meta-analysis of eligible studies was performed to compare the blood coagulation indicators in patients with severe and nonsevere COVID-19. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between 1 December 2019 and 7 May 2020. A total of 13 studies with 1341 adult patients were enrolled in this analysis. Platelet

Microtubules play a crucial role in multiple cellular functions including mitosis, cell signaling, and organelle trafficking, which makes the microtubule an important target for cancer therapy. Despite the great successes of microtubule-targeting agents in the clinic, the development of drug resistance and dose-limiting toxicity restrict their clinical efficacy. In recent years, multitarget therapy has been considered an effective strategy to achieve higher therapeutic efficacy, in particular dual-target drugs. In terms of the synergetic effect of tubulin and other antitumor agents such as receptor tyrosine kinases inhibitors, histone deacetylases inhibitors, DNA-damaging agents, and topoisomerase inhibitors in combination therapy, designing dual-target tubulin inhibitors is regarded as a promising approach to overcome these limitations and improve therapeutic efficacy. In this Perspective, we discussed rational target combinations, design strategies, structure−activity relationships, and future directions of dual-target tubulin inhibitors.

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In Wacker oxidation and inspired Pd(ii)/Cu(ii)-catalyzed C-H activations, copper(ii) is believed to serve in re-oxidizing of Pd(0) in the catalytic cycle. Herein we report that non-redox metal ions like Sc(iii) can promote Wacker-type oxidations even better than Cu(ii); both Sc(iii) and Cu(ii) can greatly promote Pd(ii)-catalyzed olefin isomerization in which the redox properties of Cu(ii) are not essential, indicating that the Lewis acid properties of Cu(ii) can play a significant role in Pd(ii)-catalyzed C-H activations in addition to its redox properties. Characterization of catalysts using UV-Vis and NMR indicated that adding Sc(OTf)3 to the acetonitrile solution of Pd(OAc)2 generates a new Pd(ii)/Sc(iii) bimetallic complex having a diacetate bridge which serves as the key active species for Wacker-type oxidation and olefin isomerization. Linkage of trivalent Sc(iii) to the Pd(ii) species makes it more electron-deficient, thus facilitating the coordination of olefin to the Pd(ii) cation. Due to the improved electron transfer from olefin to the Pd(ii) cation, it benefits the nucleophilic attack of water on the olefinic double bond, leading to efficient olefin oxidation. The presence of excess Sc(iii) prevents the palladium(0) black formation, which has been rationalized by the formation of the Sc(iii)H-Pd(ii) intermediate. This intermediate inhibits the reductive elimination of the H-Pd(ii) bond, and facilitates the oxygen insertion to form the HOO-Pd(ii) intermediate, and thus avoids the formation of the inactive palladium(0) black. The Lewis acid promoted Wacker-type oxidation and olefin isomerization demonstrated here may open up a new opportunity in catalyst design for versatile C-H activations.