The research work was aimed to determine the fatal cancer risk due to the radiation exposure on population of Bangladesh. The total risk is somewhat higher. However, the average total fatal probability coefficient was found to be 101 cases per million people, the range of which was from 78 to 144 per million people. The lowest risk was found for the people of Srimangal (Maulavibazar) and Sandweep, while the risk was highest for the people of Nachole (Chapai Nawabgonj) and Badalgachhi (Naogaon), the two locations are in the Borendra region. The risk factors were found to be around average level for the people of Dhaka, Chittagong and Rajshahi. Since a very significant portion of people of Bangladesh live in these areas, the calculated average risk factor become more meaningful. Moreover, as both the average effective dose equivalents and the population density in Bangladesh are higher than those of the countries compared, the people of Bangladesh are in more risk than those countries.
The research work has been aimed to assess the radiological and chemical threat caused due to urban and industrial wastage drainage to the inhabitants of the Chittagong city in Bangladesh. For finding the chemical effects along with the measurement of radiological threat, the physiochemical characteristics (temperature, pH value and oxidation-reduction potential) of the sediment samples have been analysed. The activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides (238)U, (232)Th, (226)Ra and (40)K in the investigated samples have been found to be higher than those of the world average values. The artificial radionuclide (137)Cs in the samples studied has not been detected. The mean value of the radium equivalent activity and outdoor exposure rate in the study region have been found to be 240.94 ± 23.12 Bq kg(-1) and 115.82 ± 10.81 nGy h(-1), respectively. The radiation doses have been measured directly by employing beta-gamma survey meter (model: LUDLUM 44-9) from where the samples have been collected. The average values of the radiological parameters have been calculated from the activity concentrations of the radionuclides mentioned in the sediment samples found to be higher than those of the corresponding world average values.
A hypothetical accidental case of a 3-MW TRIGA Mark-II research reactor has been assumed to assess the radiological consequences due to the deposition of 137Cs and 90Sr on ground, vegetation, milk and meat. The air concentrations in sixteen cardinal directions have been estimated where the maximum concentration has been found to be at 110 m distance from the core of the reactor for all the directions. Calculated maximum doses of 137Cs, 90Sr and both 137Cs and 90Sr have been found to be within the ranges of 0.005-0.014 μSv hr–1, 0.013-0.036 μSv hr–1 and 0.018-0.05 μSv hr–1, respectively for all the directions, which are below the measured background dose limit 0.25 μSv hr–1 and also within the IAEA acceptable dose rate limit of 0.5 μSv hr–1. The calculated low doses due to the aforementioned radionuclides can be considered negligible with regard to the radiation hazards. The relationship between total effective dose rate for various pathways (i.e. immersion, inhalation, ground deposition, and ingestion of contaminated vegetation, milk, meat) and air concentration in all the directions has been established. Obtained relation reveals that the total effective dose rate is directly proportional to the air concentration, and the overall proportionality constants for 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides have been obtained as 0.57 and 0.28, respectively. This study might provide information on the radiological safety required for the radiation protection purposes of the people living in the vicinity of the reactor site.
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