Friction and wear characteristics of TiO2 nano-additive water-based lubricant on Friction and wear characteristics of TiO2 nano-additive water-based lubricant on ferritic stainless steel ferritic stainless steel
Novel water-based nanolubricants using TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesised by adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and glycerol, which exhibited excellent dispersion stability and wettability. The tribological performance of the synthesised nanolubricants was investigated using an Rtec ball-on-disk tribometer, and their application in hot steel rolling was evaluated on a 2-high Hille 100 experimental rolling mill, in comparison to those without SDBS. The water-based nanolubricant containing 4 wt% TiO2 and 0.4 wt% SDBS demonstrated superior tribological performance by decreasing coefficient of friction and ball wear up to 70.5% and 84.3%, respectively, compared to those of pure water. In addition to the lubrication effect, the suspensions also had significant effect on polishing of the work roll surface. The resultant surface improvement thus enabled the decrease in rolling force up to 8.3% under a workpiece reduction of 30% at a rolling temperature of 850 °C. The lubrication mechanisms were primarily ascribed to the formation of lubricating film and ball-bearing effect of the TiO2 NPs.
Graphene oxide (GO) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles were added in deionized water in order to synthesise a dimensionally integrated nanolubricant. Tribological tests were performed using an alloy/stainless steel contact pair. A 0.12 wt.% 1:1 GO-Al 2 O 3 lubricant produced 64% and 47% reductions in the COF as well as 63% and 60% improvements in the Ra compared with 0.06 wt.% Al 2 O 3 and 0.06 wt.% GO solutions. Analysis of the worn surface indicated that a thin film consisting of a layer of GO and a tribo-layer of Al 2 O 3 was formed during testing. The GO layer prevented the direct contact of surface asperities, leading to a low resistance to sliding, whilst the Al 2 O 3 tribo-layer acted as a load bearer to strengthen the GO layer.
In this study, single-layer graphene oxide (GO) sheets were uniformly dispersed in water, and the effects of pH modification on the structure and morphology of the GO sheet were investigated. The flexible and large GO sheets were broken down and chemically reduced, caused by the increase of pH value from 3.10 to 9.70. The tribological performance of the GO suspensions of different pH values was characterised using a ball-on-three-plate tribometer with a steel on steel contact. It was found that using the GO suspension of pH 3.10, the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear mark radius were reduced by 44.4% and 17.1%, respectively, compared with baseline water, whereas neutral and basic GO suspensions increased COF and wear significantly. The effect of pH value on the lubrication was attributed to morphology change of the GO sheets in suspensions.
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