Objective: To observe the effect of delayed serum separation on various chemistry analytes. Study Design: Quasi Experimental study. Setting: Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Sheikh Zayed Medical College & Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Period: 1st December 2021 to 31st January 2022. Material & Methods: Fifty healthy volunteers of age 25-55 years from both genders were included in the study using consecutive sampling technique. Informed verbal consent was taken from all the study subjects. 4 cc blood was drawn from each subject and was divided into 3 plain tubes. 1 tube was analyzed at 1 hour for glucose, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, ALP, sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium. 2nd tube was analyzed for same analytes 2 hours after sample collection and 3rd tube was analyzed at 4 hours. Results were recorded on a predesigned performa. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Software 23 for Windows. Data was presented in terms of mean and SD. P value p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Glucose, ALT, sodium, potassium and chloride showed statistically significant variation over time while others remained stable for up to 4 hours. There was decrease in glucose (p=0.000) while increase was observed in sodium (p=0.0001), potassium (p=0.0001), chloride (p=0.0001) and ALT (p=0.002). Conclusion: Blood samples should be transported to laboratory immediately and when received in laboratory samples should be centrifuged and processed within 2 hours as delayed transportation and separation affects many chemistry analytes and may lead to erroneous test results.
Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was The Determination Of The Rheumatoid Factor (Rf) Frequency In Hepatitis C Infection (Hcv) Patients And Its Correlation With Poly-Arthropathy. Study Design: The Design Of This Study Was Cross-Sectional Study. This Study Was Conducted at Sheikh Zayed hospital Rahim yar khan, and the Duration Of This Study Was From October, 2020 To March, 2021. 207 Confirm Patients of Hepatitis C Infection With The Positive Hcv Rna And Anti-Hcv Antibodies Through Pcr Qualitative Having Poly-Arthropathy Were Made A Part Of The Research. The Rf Screening Of These Patients Was Carried Out Through Immune-Chromatography With The Help Of Rf Latex Assay Kit. Results: In The Total Sample Male To Female Ratio Was Respectively 138 Males (66.67%) And 69 Females (33.33%). Range Of The Age In The Patients Was In The Limit Of 21 – 55 Years With The Mean Age As (44.29 ± 4.61) Years. The Youngest Age Was 21; Whereas The Eldest Patient’s Age Was 55 Years In The Research Sample. Majority If The Sample Population Was In The Age Group Of 36 – 45 Years As 97 Patients (47%). The Rate Of Rf Positive Was Observed In The 88 Patients (42.51%) And Negative Incidence Was Observed In 119 Patients (57.49%) Being Affected By Hepatitis C Infection Related With The Poly-Arthropathy. Rf Frequency Of The Female Cases Was Observed As 66 Cases (48%) And In The Male Cases It Was Observed As 22 Patients (32%) With A Significant P-Value Observed As (0.0367), Which Was Dominant In Females In Comparison To The Male Cases. Conclusion: Rheumatoid Factor (Rf) Detection Is Of Less Use For The Diagnosis Of The Patients’ Coexisting Ra In The Cases Of Chronic Hcv Infection Due To An Increased Percentage Of The Rf Serum Activity. Keywords: Arthropathy, Rheumatoid Factor And Hepatitis C (Hcv).
Objective: To record the rate of microalbuminuria in cases with type II diabetic mellitus and to record the frequency of dyslipidemia in cases with microalbumina and without it. Methodology: This study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan from July 2021 to December 2021 a total of 80 cases with type-II diabetes mellitus, between 35-70 years of age of either gender was enrolled whereas those having microalbuminuria, increased levels of serum creatinine with the history of CVD, UTI and pregnant females were excluded. Blood samples in a disposable syringe were obtained to determine microalbuminuria and with 12 hours fasting time for evaluation of hyper triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C in positive and negative cases of microalbuminuria. Results: In this study, 35%(n=30) were between 35-50 years of age whereas 45%(n=50) were between 51-70 years of age, Mean+SD was calculated as 55.43+7.66 years, male cases were 48%(n=48) whereas 32%(n=32) were females. Presence of microalbuminuria was recorded in 29%(n=25). Comparison for presence of dyslipidemia in diabetic cases with and without microalbuminuria shows that 91.8%(n=27) in microalbuminuria and 57.13%(n=32) in cases without it had hypertriglyceridemia, p value was 0.0009, increased LDL-C was recorded in 84.19%(n=25) in microalbuminuria group whereas 59.95%(n=44) had in cases without microalbuminuria, p value was 0.017, decreased DHL-C level were recorded in 80.74%(n=24) in microalbuminuria group and 72.63%(n=53) without it, p value was 0.38. Conclusion: The rate of microalbuminuria in cases with type II diabetes is not uncommon while these cases had higher risk of dyslipidemia when compared to those without it. Keywords: Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Microalbuminuria Dyslipidemia
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