Objectives To evaluate the short-term efficacy of low-concentration betamethasone mouthwash for severe erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP). Materials and method In this randomized, investigator-blind, positive-controlled trial, OLP patients with erosive lesions received betamethasone mouthwash (0.137 mg/mL) or dexamethasone mouthwash (0.181 mg/mL) three times daily for 2 or 4 weeks and were followed up for 3 months to observe recurrence. The primary outcome was the week-2 reduction in erosive area. Results Fifty-seven participants were randomized to betamethasone ( n = 29) and dexamethasone ( n = 28). At week 2, participants using betamethasone ( n = 28) experienced a greater reduction in erosive area than gargling with dexamethasone ( n = 26). Similarly, secondary outcomes, including the healing proportion of erosions, reduced pain level, reduction in atrophic area, Thongprasom score, and recurrence interval, showed the superiority of betamethasone. At week 4, betamethasone ( n = 7) was not superior to dexamethasone ( n = 15) in further reducing lesional area and pain level. No serious adverse events were documented. Conclusions The 0.137 mg/mL compound betamethasone mouthwash exhibited significant efficacy in rapidly enhancing erosion healing within 2 weeks and extending the recurrence interval with a good safety profile. Clinical relevance This study proved the significant efficacy of short-course 0.137 mg/mL betamethasone mouthwash therapy for treating erosion and pain, providing a novel topical agent for patients with severe EOLP. Trial registration This study was prospectively registered at the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ( ChiCTR1800016507 ) on 5 June 2018. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00784-023-05051-w.
This study is the first time to assess the synergistic efficacy and safety of plaque control on erosive non-gingival oral lichen planus (OLP). A randomized, controlled, clinical trial with blind evaluation was designed, and 48 OLP patients with erosive non-gingival OLP lesions were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 25, receiving intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection, periodontal scaling, and oral hygiene instruction) and the control group (n = 23, only receiving intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection) once a week for 2 weeks. Erosion size, pain level, plaque index, and community periodontal index were measured at every visit. Patients cured of erosion were followed up for 3 months to evaluate the recurrence rate. Adverse reactions were also recorded. At day 14 ± 2, the experimental group showed a higher completely healed percentage of erosion, a greater reduction of erosion size and pain level. However, no significant difference was observed in the recurrence rate. No participants had any severe adverse reactions. In conclusion, an improvement was observed in patients with plaque control, and future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to reinforce the external validity of this study.
Tweetable abstract Tumor-associated macrophages might promote the distant metastasis of tumor cells by semi-phagocytosis. The authors propose that this newly discovered process occurs in tumor-associated macrophages and may lead to a novel approach for blocking cancer metastasis.
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