Tourism is one of the sectors of the economy that is most dependent on climate, creating multiple vulnerabilities and new opportunities arising with changing climate. Even though the links between tourism and climate have been well researched, this scientific knowledge has not percolated into policies and the ability to act. This disconnect between scientific knowledge and practices is frequently blamed on inadequate climate change communication to the public in mass media. We studied the mass media framing of climate change and tourism by analyzing English newspaper publications worldwide over the past 30 years. The paper presents a Big Data analysis of the content, geographical patterns, and temporal changes in newspapers’ publications on climate change and tourism.
Lightweight structures are often used for applications requiring higher strength-to-weight ratios and lower densities, such as in aircraft, vehicles, and various engine components. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has been widely used for lightweight polymer structures because of the superior flexibility, personalized design, and ease of operation offered by it. However, synthesis of lightweight polymeric structures that possess both high specific strength and glass transfer temperature (T g ) remains an elusive goal, because 3D printed polymers with these properties are still very few in the market. For example, 3,3′,4,4'-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA)-type (UPILEX-S type) polyimides show exceptional thermal stability (T g up to ≈400 °C) and mechanical properties (tensile strength exceeding 500 MPa) and are the first choice if extremely high temperatures of 400 °C or even higher (depending on the duration) are required, which hampers their processing using existing 3D printing techniques. However, their processing using existing 3D printing techniques is hampered due to their thermal resistance. Herein, a 3D printing approach was demonstrated for generating complex lightweight BPDA-PDA polyimide geometries with unprecedented specific strength and thermal resistance. The simple aqueous polymerization reaction of BPDA with water-soluble PDA and triethylamine (TEA) afforded the poly(amic acid) ammonium salt (PAAS) hydrogels. These PAAS solutions showed clear shear thinning and thermo-reversibility, along with high G′ gel-state moduli, which ensured selfsupporting features and shape fidelity in the gel state. Postprinting thermal treatment transformed the PAAS precursor to BPDA− PDA polyimide (UPILEX-S type). The resulting layer-by-layer deposition onto lightweight polyimide honeycombs in the form of triangular, square, and hexagonal structures showed tailorable mechanical strength, exceptional compressive strength-to-weight ratio (highest up to 0.127 MPa (kg m −3 ) −1 ), and remarkable thermoresistance (T g approximately 380 °C). These high-performance 3D printed polyimide honeycombs and unique synthetic techniques with general structures are potentially useful in fields ranging from automotive to aerospace technologies.
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