Peanut-like MnO@C core-shell composites with an internal carbon network (P-MnO@C) were prepared via an in situ synchronous graphitization and reduction process. These P-MnO@C composites exhibit high specific capacity and rate capability, good stability and excellent long-term cycling life for application in lithium ion batteries.

The Poisson equation has applications across many areas of physics and engineering, such as the dynamic process simulation of ocean current. Here we present a quantum Fast Poisson Solver, including the algorithm and the complete and modular circuit design. The algorithm takes the HHL algorithm as the template. The controlled rotation is performed based on the arc cotangent function which is evaluated by the Plouffe's binary expansion method. And the same method is used to compute the cosine function for the eigenvalue approximation in phase estimation. Quantum algorithms for solving square root and reciprocal functions are developed based on the non-restoring digitrecurrence method. These advances make the algorithm's complexity lower and the circuit-design more modular. The number of the qubits and operations used by the circuit are O(dlog 2 (ε -1 )) and O(dlog 3 (ε -1 )), respectively. We demonstrate our circuits on a quantum virtual computing system installed on the Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer. This is an important step toward practical applications of quantum Fast Poisson Solver in the near-term hybrid classical/quantum devices.

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Interdispersed MnO nanoparticles that are anchored and encapsulated in a three-dimensional (3D) porous carbon framework (MnO@CF) have been constructed, which display nanosphere architecture with rich porosity, well-defined carbon framework configuration, and excellent structure stability. When evaluated as an anode material, the MnO@CF exhibits relatively high specific capacity of 939 mA h g(-1) at current rate of 0.2 A g(-1) over 200 cycles and excellent rate capability of 560.2 mA h g(-1) at 4 A g(-1). By virtue of its mechanical stability and desirable ionic/electronic conductivity, the specific design can be a promising approach to fabricate high-performance lithium-ion batteries.