TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435.
AbstractIn a large clastic reservoir of Saudi Arabia, rock typing by rock-quality-index (RQI) and flow-zone-indicator (FZI) proved to be an effective technique to develop porositypermeability transforms for 8 lithologic facies in a reservoir model. Moreover, capillary pressure and relative permeability curves could be grouped into defined rock types as well. This technique provided an effective tool to distribute permeability, initial water saturation, relative permeability, and residual oil saturation per lithologic facie. This paper presents through a case study the methodology applied for generating permeability and water saturation distribution by lithologic facies and hydraulic units and its impact on simulation history match and future prediction.
Smart wells provide great potential to improve the recovery from hydrocarbon resources. Smart wells provide the ability to control uncertainties associated with reservoir heterogeneity. One example is to mitigate unexpected water production due to fractures and hence increase the ultimate recovery. This is achieved by selectively controlling production from multiple laterals. Due to subsurface communication between laterals that have different productivity indices, it is difficult in practice to optimize production from smart wells. The optimization of smart wells involves adjusting parameters including the settings of the downhole inflow control valves (ICV) that act as subsurface chokes.This paper focused on the reservoir engineering aspects of finding the optimum ICV configuration that optimizes reservoir performance parameters such as recovery factor and net present value. Also, the work studied the effect of heterogeneity, mainly fractures, on the optimization process. This paper also proposes a technique to quantify the effect of fractures on the optimization process and to provide recommendations of further analysis.Genetic algorithm (GA) was used as the main optimization engine to find the optimum ICV configuration. The GA was accompanied by a data library (proxy) to reduce the number of required simulation runs. A commercial reservoir simulator was used as the objective function evaluator that assesses the outcome of candidate ICV configurations.Several examples are presented to show the improvement in reservoir performance made using the optimization process. These examples include a synthetic model, and a real onshore model. Various objective functions were optimized such as water cut, and net present value.
IntroductionWell design and planning have advanced tremendously during the last two decades, from the use of conventional vertical wells to nonconventional horizontal wells (NCWs) using directional drilling technology. Nonconventional wells range from simple horizontal wells with single wellbore to complex multilaterals with multiple sublaterals (fishbone wells).Nonconventional wells offer more cost-effective alternatives to conventional wells in terms of drilling, completion, surface equipment, and long-term operation costs. Production targets are achieved with fewer nonconventional wells as they provide better reservoir exposure. From a reservoir management point of view, nonconventional wells improve the productivity index (PI) by maximizing reservoir contact, minimizing water coning by operating at lower drawdown, and increasing sweep efficiency by distributing production along the horizontal section.A 'smart' or 'intelligent' well is considered one of the most advanced types of nonconventional wells. A typical smart well is equipped with a special completion that has packers or sealing elements that allow partitioning of the wellbore, as well as pressure and temperature sensors and downhole inflow control valves (ICV) installed on the production tubing, Figure 1. The sensors allow continuous m...
TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435.
AbstractIn a large clastic reservoir of Saudi Arabia, rock typing by rock-quality-index (RQI) and flow-zone-indicator (FZI) proved to be an effective technique to develop porositypermeability transforms for 8 lithologic facies in a reservoir model. Moreover, capillary pressure and relative permeability curves could be grouped into defined rock types as well. This technique provided an effective tool to distribute permeability, initial water saturation, relative permeability, and residual oil saturation per lithologic facie. This paper presents through a case study the methodology applied for generating permeability and water saturation distribution by lithologic facies and hydraulic units and its impact on simulation history match and future prediction.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.