Introduction:Our present observational study attempted to evaluate the clinical profiles, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up results of 51 pediatric neurocysticercosis patients over a mean duration of five years (from January 2006 to December 2010).Materials and Methods:Diagnosis was mainly based on clinical features, computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging scan and exclusion of other causes. Patients with active, transitional cysts and seizure were treated with albendazole for 28 days, steroids and anticonvulsants.Results:A total of 38 patients completed this study. Mean age of the presentation was 8.47 ± 3.19 years 52.6% of the patients were female. Overall patients presented with generalized seizure in 55.3%, focal in 31.6%, headache ± vomiting in 63.2%, focal neurodeficit in 10.5% and combination of symptoms in 60.5% cases. Contrast CT brain showed a solitary lesion in 27 (71.1%) and multiple in the rest. At presentation lesions were transitional in 58.2%, inactive in 20% and mixed in 14.6%. After a mean of 2 years, seizure persisted in 9 (23.7%) and headache in 8 (21.1%) of whom six had normal electroencephalography (EEG) while one each showed focal slowing, generalized slowing and epileptiform discharges. During the follow-up, CT scan brain 44.7% lesions calcified, 31.6% disappeared, 10.5% regressed and the rest persisted.Conclusion:Solitary ring enhancing lesions (transitional stage) involving the parietal lobe was the commonest CT picture at presentation. Generalized tonic-clonic seizure was the most common type of seizure. Number of lesions, persistence of lesion, number of seizures, EEG abnormality at presentation were not found to be prognostically significant (P > 0.05).

Background: Palatal tremor is involuntary, rhythmic and oscillatory movement of the soft palate. Palatal tremor can be classified into three subtypes; essential, symptomatic and palatal tremor associated with progressive ataxia. Methods: A thorough Pubmed search was conducted to look for the original articles, reviews, letters to editor, case reports, and teaching neuroimages, with the keywords "essential", "symptomatic palatal tremor", "myoclonus", "ataxia", "hypertrophic", "olivary" and "degeneration". Results: Essential palatal tremor is due to contraction of the tensor veli palatini muscle, supplied by the 5 th cranial nerve. Symptomatic palatal tremor occurs due to the contraction of the levator veli palatini muscle, supplied by the 9 th and 10 th cranial nerves. Essential palatal tremor is idiopathic, while symptomatic palatal tremor occurs due to infarction, bleed or tumor within the Guillain-Mollaret triangle. Progressive ataxia and palatal tremor can be familial or idiopathic. Symptomatic palatal tremor and sporadic progressive ataxia with palatal tremor show signal changes in inferior olive of medulla in magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment options available for essential palatal tremor are clonazepam, lamotrigine, sodium valproate, flunarizine and botulinum toxin. The treatment of symptomatic palatal tremor involves the treatment of the underlying cause. Discussion: Further studies are required to understand the cause and pathophysiology of Essential palatal tremor and progressive ataxia and palatal tremor. Similarly, the link between tauopathy and palatal tremor associated progressive ataxia needs to be explored further. Oscillopsia and progressive ataxia are more debilitating than palatal tremor and needs new treatment approaches.