The incorporation of polysilicic acid into the structure of a cellulosic fibre enhances the fire resistance of the hybrid by two distinct mechanisms. One is the formation on the fibre surface of an inherently incombustible char, and the other is a lowering of thetemperature at which water is released from the fibre. This paper examines the mechanismsin question.
A series of cellulose-polysilicic acid hybrid fibres with 1535% silica contents were spun and their flammabilities were assessed by the LO1 oxygen index test. Also, the rate of heat release and toxicities of fumes evolved during the combustion process for hybrid fibre with 33% SiO, loading was obtained using the cone calorimeter and FT-IR techniques. The low flammability and toxicity indices indicate that this hybrid fibre can be used as a flame-retardant fibre.
A systematic investigation of structurally identical flame retardant viscose, modal and polyester blended fabrics and fibres was carried out in order to develop a chemical basis for more effective products based on organic and inorganic flame retardants. The oxygen indices and chemical compositions of phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants (P-N) were used in efficiency and synergy evaluations. A new flame retardant viscose fibre containing silicid acid was included in the comparative evaluation procedure. Thermal gravimetry and X-ray diffractometry were used for determine physical factors during pymlyzing of fibres. Charred residues were analyzed by applying elementary and solid 13-C NMR (CPMAS) spectrometry. The pyrolysis gas-liquid chromatographer connected with a gas phase FT infrared spectrometer was applied to identify the decomposition products of P-N-containing fabrics.
The formation of polyaluminosiloxane networks through surface modification of cellulose-polysilicic acid hybrid fibres with inorganic aluminium compounds enhances flame retardancy and laundry performance of these fibres. Fibres of cellulose-polysilicic acid (VISIL) have been reported as a flame retardant. In contrast to their thermal property, these fibres undergo a significant change, in terms of flame retardancy, when subjected to alkaline conditions (pH > 10). Surface modification of these fibres with inorganic aluminium compounds not only reduces the solubility behaviour but also increases the flame retardancy.
This paper focused on the synthesis of phenylthiocarbamide-grafted graphene oxide (GO)-supported Cu complex (Cu-PTC@GO) as a highly efficient and recyclable catalyst synthesis by various analytical techniques such as TG, FT-IR, XRD, BET, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, SEM, EDX, and elemental mapping analysis. Cu-PTC@GO showed outstanding results in preparing various imidazoles with higher yields, reduced reaction time, ease of product separation, and a simple procedure. In addition, the catalyst demonstrated appreciable recyclability up to five successive runs, and there was no substantial loss in catalytic performance. The result indicated that the heterogeneous base GO catalyst performed high activity and excellent recyclability in synthesizing various imidazoles and their derivatives, owing to the unique state of the GO-supported copper complex.
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