Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Chemotherapy of disease is impeded by subsequent relapse and metastasis. Nanoparticles as drug carriers have been shown the promising results. Cisplatin-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully constructed, and its efficacy and toxicity were evaluated on an orthotopic breast cancer model. Cisplatin-loaded PBCA NPs were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization technique. NPs were characterized with photon correlation spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and spectrophotometry techniques. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of nanodrug. To evaluate the efficacy of Cisplatin-loaded PBCA NPs an orthotopic model of breast tumor was employed. The cell viability of nanodrug compared to that of the standard drug had a significant decrease by 75% at the first 24 h. In vivo studies showed that the number of mice treated with Cisplatin bound to PBCA NPs was significantly more than the standard drug receivers (8 against 5 mice). Considering the body weight loss as toxicity effects, nanodrug receivers were also shown significantly lesser body weight loss compared to drug receivers groups (20 against 26%).
Cisplatin is one of the most useful drugs in chemotherapy, which have several therapeutic properties. Nevertheless, this drug carries some side effects. In order to reduce such effects, nanotechnology has been a great help. In this study pegylated nanoniosomal Cisplatin was prepared through reverse phase evaporation technique. Certain ratios of span 60, cholesterol and polyethylene glycol (3000 Da) were synthesized to prepare pegylated nanoniosomal Cisplatin. The mean diameter, size distribution and zeta potential of pegylated nanoniosomal containing drug and without drug was measured 205.5±4.60 nm, 0.253±0.0036 and-21.4 mv; 251.1±3.93 nm, 0.058±0.0075 and-22.6 mv, respectively using Zetasizer. Encapsulation and drug loading efficiency of pegylated nanoniosomal Cisplatin was determined by spectrophotometry method that were 48.2±2.05% and 4.38±0.28%, respectively. The percent of drug released from niosomes was performed by dialysis for 48 hours. The amount of released drug from niosomes indicated that 82.73±1.36% of drug released into the PBS. Also, this study investigated the cytotoxicity effect of pegylated nanoniosomal Cisplatin using MTT assay. The results showed that IC50 of the pegylated nanoniosomal Cisplatin formulation is less than free drug on C6 cell line.
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