Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study is to compare and evaluate the surface roughness and microbial adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans after the finishing and polishing of three different denture base materials.Materials and Methods: A total of 84 samples of three different denture materials were used. The samples were divided into three groups: Group I (conventional poly methyl methacrylate), Group II (injectionmolded polymethyl methacrylate), and Group III (injection-molded polyamide). Fourteen samples from each group were tested for surface roughness using an optical profilometer. Seven samples from each group were incubated in a suitable culture broth containing Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus separately for 48 hours. Microbial colony forming unit (cfu/ml 2 ) was estimated in order to evaluate the microbial adhesion to the surface of the denture base materials. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was done to visualize the microorganisms.Results: The mean surface roughness of Group I was 0.1176± 0.04 µm, Group II was 0.0669±0.02 µm, Group III was 0.1971±0.02 µm. One-way ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences in the mean surface roughness values among the three groups (p < 0.05). Tukey HSD (honestly significant difference) test confirmed the specific differences within the groups. The results of colony forming unit showed maximum adherence in Group III samples among both the species followed by Group I samples and least in Group II samples. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed significant differences in microbial adhesion among both Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in the three groups (p <0.05). One-way multivariate ANOVA was performed to analyze the data obtained from confocal laser scanning microscopy. Microbial adhesion was least observed in Group II samples followed by Group I samples and the highest microbial adhesion was observed in Group III samples. Conclusion: Microbial adhesion was proved to have a direct correlation with the surface roughness of denture base materials. An increase in surface roughness (Ra) increases microbial adhesion.
Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the perception of patients and dentists regarding the esthetics achieved with conventional and characterized complete dentures. Materials and Methods: Twenty completely edentulous participants were selected and given both conventional and characterized complete dentures. Participants including patients wearing the dentures and dentists subsequently evaluated both types of dentures by giving scores using 0–10 cm Visual Analog Scale on denture esthetics. The esthetic scores were statistically analyzed using paired t -test ( P = 0.05 as significant). Results: Patients' satisfaction with conventional and characterized complete dentures were statistically similar except for the fact that patients were more satisfied with ideal arrangement of teeth in conventional denture (standard deviation [SD]-7.0 ± 2,0) compared to the characterized (SD-4.8 ± 2.7) arrangement of the teeth ( P = 0.038). Conclusions: Aesthetic satisfaction with complete dentures was influenced by the patients' socioeconomic status. Patients could not see any significant difference between conventional and characterized complete denture.
Introduction: In India, the incidence of low birth weight babies is around 28%. About two third of the low birth weight babies are term-small for gestational age babies and one third are preterm babies. Low birth weight babies might have low nutritional reserve, especially the micronutrients, out of which zinc is an important one. This study is done to find if there is any association between cord blood zinc level and birth weight in term SGA and AGA babies. Materials & Methods: This is a Prospective cross sectional study which was done in 100 newborns, in which 50 were term SGA and 50 were term AGA newborns. The period of the study was one year. Our study included term SGA as cases and term AGA as controls. After obtaining informed consent from the parents, cord blood sample for serum zinc was collected from term-SGA and term-AGA babies for serum zinc level estimation and sent to our central laboratory. Result:The mean cord blood zinc level in AGA was 97.15 and 90.89 in SGA and there is statistical significance in the cord blood zinc level between AGA and SGA groups. Conclusion:The study concludes that there is a significant correlation in the cord blood zinc level between the term AGA and term SGA neonates.
Introduction: Typhoid fever causes a clinically indistinguishable disease with a wide range of clinical severity. This study was done to compare the Diazo test with blood culture. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was done for one year with a sample size of 100 children up to the age of 15 years in the Department of Paediatrics, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Tamilnadu, India. Diazo test and blood culture were done in enrolled children who had clinical symptoms and signs suggestive of typhoid fever. Results: Blood culture-positive cases were 26% and diazo-positive cases were 34%. Out of 26 blood culture-positive cases, 19 cases showed positive results and seven had a negative result by Diazo test and this was statistically significant. Diazo test had sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of 73.08%, 79.73%, 3.61, 0.34, 55.8%, 89.4% respectively. The measure of agreement Kappa value was found to be 0.480 which is considered to be a significant moderate agreement between the Diazo test and blood culture. Conclusions: Diazo test is a simple bedside test with a comparable degree of sensitivity and specificity and can be utilized for the diagnosis of typhoid fever in children in areas of scarce resources and thereby reducing the complications. Key words: Diazo test; Sensitivity; Specificity
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