SARS CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus which has caused many deaths in the recent pandemic. This study aimed to determine zinc, copper and magnesium status on pregnant women with COVID-19. 100 healthy (33/32/35) and 100 SARS-CoV-2 positive (34/33/33) pregnant women were included in the study according to their trimesters. Blood samples were obtained from the patients along with the initial laboratory tests for clinical outcomes upon their first admission to hospital. In the first and third trimesters serum zinc level was lower (p:0,004 and p:0,02), serum copper level was higher (p:0,006 and p:0,008), the Zn / Cu ratio decreased(p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001) and the serum magnesium level was higher(p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001) in the COVID-19 group.In the second trimester COVID-19 patients had lower serum zinc (p:0,05) and copper levels (p:0,0003) compared to controls. Disease severity correlated with zinc/copper ratio in COVID19 patients (p:0.018, r:-0.243). Serum zinc and Zn/Cu ratio levels had a negative relationship with acute phase markers such as IL-6, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, procalcitonin and Creactive Protein. Also, increased serum magnesium level may play a role in decreased white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte cell count and increased CRP levels in the third trimester. This study indicated that trace element status changed in pregnant women with COVID-19. The effect of trace elements on pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 infection was investigated in comparison with healthy pregnant women for the first time. This effect will be revealed better in more comprehensive studies to be planned in the future.

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Background: SARS CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus which cause recent pandemia and many deaths. This study aimed to determine zinc, copper and magnesium status on pregnant women with COVID-19.Methods: Totally 200 pregnants were included in the study, 100(34/33/33) were pregnants with COVID-19 infection and 100(33/32/35) were healthy pregnants and each group was divided into trimesters. Blood samples for trace element measurements were obtained from the patients along with the initial laboratory tests for clinical outcomes upon their first admission to hospital.Zinc, copper and magnesium levels were analyzed with atomic absorption spectroscopy.Results: In the first/third trimesters, serum zinc level was lower (p:0,004)/(p:0,02), serum copper level was higher (p:0,006)/(p:0,008), Zn/Cu ratio was decreased (p<0,0001)/(p<0,0001) and serum magnesium level was also higher (p<0,0001)/(p<0,0001) in COVID-19 group compared to control. Pregnants with COVID-19 in their second trimester had lower serum zinc level (p:0,05) and also copper level was decreased (p:0,0003) compared to control. Our correlation results showed that serum zinc and Zn/Cu ratio levels had negative relation with acute phase markers such as IL-6, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, procalcitonin and Creactive Protein. Also, increased serum magnesium level might have role on decreased white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte cell concentrations and there was correlation between serum magnesium and CRP level in the third trimester.Conclusion: This study indicated that trace element status changed in pregnants with COVID-19. With the further studies,it will be clarified that the effects of trace elements on COVID-19 in pregnant and in general population which was shown with this study first time to date.

Adequate maternal selenium level is essential for immune response and healthy pregnancy. This study aimed to shed light on the selenium status of pregnant women with COVID‐19 and the effects of potential deficiency in serum selenium levels. Totally 141 pregnant women, 71 of them were COVID‐19 patients, in different trimesters were included in the study. Maternal serum selenium levels, demographic and clinical parameters were determined. Serum selenium levels of pregnant women in the second ( p : .0003) and third ( p : .001) trimesters with COVID‐19 were significantly lower than in the healthy group. Maternal selenium level was found to be negatively correlated with gestational week ( p < .0001, r : −.541), D‐dimer ( p : .0002, r : −.363) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) level ( p : .02, r : −.243). In the second trimester, serum selenium level positively correlated with white blood cell ( p : .002, r : .424), neutrophil ( p : .006, r : .39), lymphocyte ( p : .004, r : .410) count and hemoglobin ( p : .02, r : .323), hematocrit ( p : .008, r : .38) status. In the third trimester, it was found that maternal selenium level positively correlated with monocyte ( p : .04, r : .353) and negatively correlated with C‐reactive protein level ( p : .03, r : −.384). Serum selenium level was gradually decreased during the pregnancy period, however, this natural decrease was enhanced together with COVID‐19 infection. The reason might be increased selenium needs depended on the immune response against infection. The decrease in maternal selenium level was found to be related to IL‐6 and D‐dimer levels, which indicate selenium's role in disease progression.