Yaş grupları arasındaki bu farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Sonuç: Türk gebe kadınlarda anti-HBs seropozitifliği mülteci gebelere göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek oranda bulunmuştur. Bu nedenle özellikle mülteci gebeler için Hepatit B aşılama programları düzenli olarak takip edilmeli ve rutin tarama yapılmalıdır. Çalışmamızda düşük oranda anti-HCV pozitifliği saptanmış ve anti-HIV seropozitifliğine rastlanmamıştır. Ancak yine de bu enfeksiyonlar ülkemizde görülmeye devam ettiğinden ve önlem alındığında anneden bebeğe geçişin azalması sağlanacağından anti-HCV ve anti-HIV taramasına devam edilmelidir.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada amacımız Karabük ilindeki Suriyeli sığınmacılarda serolojik ve moleküler yöntemlerle hepatit B Virüs (HBV) ve HCV sıklığı ile anti-hepatit B yüzey (HBs) seropozitifliğini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya Ocak 2016-Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında Karabük Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'ne başvuran toplam 809 Suriyeli sığınmacının HBs antijen (HBsAg), anti-HBs, anti-HCV, HCV-RNA, HBV-DNA ve HCV genotipleme sonuçları dahil edildi. Bulgular: Toplam 809 hastanın 536'sı (%66,3) kadın, 273'ü (%33,7) erkekti. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 34 idi. Hastaların %2,3'ünde HBsAg pozitif bulundu ve bunların tümünde HBV-DNA pozitif idi. Anti-HBs seropozitiflik oranı ise %21,6 olup, yaş grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık gözlendi (p=0,001). Anti-HCV, hastaların %1'inde (n=8) pozitifti. Anti-HCV pozitif sekiz hastanın 7'sinde HCV-RNA viral yük saptandı. Yedi hastanın 3'ü HCV genotip 1b, 2'si genotip 3 ve 2'si de genotip 4 olarak tiplendirildi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada Suriyeli sığınmacılarda HBV ve HCV sıklığı Türkiye verilerine benzer oranlarda iken, anti-HBs seropozitifliği oldukça düşük bulunmuştur. Suriyeli sığınmacılara yönelik hepatit B aşılama programları düzenli olarak takip edilmelidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Suriye, hepatit, virüs Objectives: To investigate the frequency of hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and HCV with anti-hepatitis B Surface (HBs) seropositivity using serological and molecular methods in Syrian refugees in the Karabük. Materials and Methods: The study included the HBs Antigen (HBsAg), anti-HBs, anti-HCV, HCV-RNA, HBV-DNA, and HCV genotyping results of Syrian refugees who presented at the Karabük University Training and Research Hospital between January 2016 and March 2019. Results: The 809 patients were comprised of 536 (66.3%) females and 273 (33.7%) males with a mean age of 34 years. HBsAg was found to be positive in 2.3% of patients and in all HBV-DNA were positive. The anti-HBs seropositivity rate was determined as 21.6% and a significant difference was determined between age groups (p=0.001). The anti-HCV was positive in 8 (1%) patients and the HCV-RNA viral load was determined in 7/8. In these 7 patients, the HCV genotype was determined as genotype 1b in 3, genotype 3 in 2, and genotype 4 in 2. Conclusion: This study showed that while the frequency of HBV and HCV in Syrian refugees was similar to the data for Turkey, anti-HBs seropositivity was extremely low. Hepatitis B vaccination programs for Syrian refugees should be implemented and regularly followed up.

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How to cite / Atıf için: Aşgın N, Satılmış Ş. Which antibiotics should we prefer empirical treatment of urinary tract infections in elderly patients?

Introduction: In addition to antibiotic treatment, slow-growing and non-cultivable bacteria can lead to false-negative results for sterile body site infections. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for such infections. Methodology: Following routine culture procedures, 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) PCR was performed for samples collected from sterile body sites between July 2017and September 2018. The samples were separated into two groups for likely (group 1) and unlikely infections (group 2) based on clinical and laboratory findings, as well as clinician opinion. Sequence analysis was performed for PCR-positive samples using 16S rRNA primers. Mixed chromatograms were analyzed with the RipSeq Mixed program, and Stata 15.1 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Eighty-seven of 139 samples collected from 116 patients were placed in group 1, and 52 were placed in group 2. Compared with culture as the reference method, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for 16S rRNA PCR were 89.8%, 85.6%, 77.2%, and 93.9%, respectively. 16S rRNA PCR identified infections in 13 culture-negative samples. Among these, three had Bartonella quintana, Mycoplasma salivarium, and Mycobacterium avium complex infections, which cannot be detected with commercial multiplex PCR kits. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that 16S rRNA PCR is effective for the diagnosis of sterile body site infections, especially for cases of meningitis and infective endocarditis where routine cultures fail.