<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This paper examines how CEO and CFO qualifications affect firm value. Our results indicate that companies with managers that have qualifications as prior senior managerial experience of CEOs, tenure of CEOs in the current position, MBA degrees of CFOs, and the university where the CFOs graduated are associated with higher company valuation, after controlling for firm age and industry effects.</span></span></p>
Many studies find that stock returns are related to firm size and the book-to-market ratio. This article provides a theoretical explanation for this phenomenon. We show that profit maximizing homogenous firms should converge to a stable long-run equilibrium in which firm's capital size and growth rates are shaped by the economic environment, and both influence stock returns. Our evidence shows firm convergence towards the optimum profitability size in a changing equilibrium. Firm characteristics reflect sensitivity to the macroeconomic environment. Our model and empirical tests demonstrate a linkage between this sensitivity and the relationship of returns to market value and book-to-market.
Much of the explanation for the size anomaly has been assigned to taxation and behavioural issues near the end of the calendar year. However, factor models based on company characteristics suggest that some type of risk may also have a long term effect on returns. We use a traditional multifactor model to re-examine the influence of macroeconomic variables on the magnitude and direction of size portfolio returns using traditional and Logit regression models. Our results indicate significant differences in sensitivity of returns to the market risk factor across size portfolios, but limited mean return effects of economic and financial factors. However, we find that macroeconomic factors that take on unusually extreme values influence the probable direction of annual size anomalies. The unusual economic conditions may influence investor risk-return expectations differentially across size portfolios. These differing expectations are reflected in the occurrence of a size anomaly.
The paper empirically examines the relationship between stock returns, exchange rate, and market risks for the Canadian stock market operating in an increasingly global environment. Time varying prices of market and currency risks and corresponding risk premia are estimated. We investigate how estimated risk premia in different industry sectors are affected by macroeconomic events associated with globalization. We find that magnitude of shocks is greater, and risk premia at the times of economic shocks are greater in the post-1994 than in pre-1994 period, and this increase seems to be driven by the increased market exposure of stock returns.
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