Five patients (4 males; mean age, 46.4 years) with painful verrucous perianal lesions caused by herpes simplex virus are described. All patients had had AIDS for a long time and were using highly active antiretroviral therapy. CD4+ counts ranged from 73 to 370/mm3. All lesions were submitted to resection under subdural anesthesia. Histologic examinations revealed epithelial hyperplasia and dense inflammatory process, composed mainly of lymphocytes and plasma cells, extended just to the hypodermis. Immunohistochemistry was positive for herpes simplex virus Type 2 in four patients and for herpes simplex virus Type 1 in one patient, and did not detect human papillomavirus antigens. Three patients had recurrences after 3, 10, and 12 months. Resection was performed on two patients; one had a new recurrence after three months. Oral acyclovir eliminated the lesion in the third patient. The analysis of our patients suggests that herpes simplex virus, Types 1 and 2, may cause verrucous lesions simulating neoplasia in patients with AIDS using antiretroviral therapy.
A series of five cases of right-colon adenocarcinoma that invaded the proximal duodenum is presented. All patients underwent successful en-bloc pancreatoduodenectomy plus right hemicolectomy by General Surgery Service of the Teaching Hospital of the ABC Medical School, Santo André, SP, Brazil. The study was conducted between 2000 and 2007. There were two major complications but no mortality. Three patients did not present any recurrence over the course of 15 to 54 months of follow-up. Multivisceral resection with en-bloc pancreatoduodenectomy should be considered for patients who are fit for major surgery but do not present distant dissemination. Long-term survival may be attained.
In Group A, 39 patients had anal canal condylomas and the cytology was positive in 29 of them (74.3%). We also observed cytological alterations in 30 of 75 patients (40%) without clinical lesions in the anal canal. In Group B, there were 54 patients with condylomas and 13 of them (24.1%) were confirmed by cytology. In 40 patients with no clinical lesions, we observed that nine (22.5%) had cytological abnormalities Statistical analysis revealed that examination in Group A was more efficient. CONCLUSION. Specimens collected by inserting the brush deeper into the anal canal improved the efficiency of anal Pap smears.
Although colorectal tumors are fairly common surgical conditions, 5 to 12% of these tumors are locally advanced (T4 tumors) upon diagnosis. In this particular situation, the efficacy of en bloc multivisceral resection has been proven. When right-colon cancer invades the proximal duodenum or even the pancreatic head, a challenging dilemma arises due to complexity of the curative surgical procedure. Therefore, en bloc pancreaticoduodenectomy with right hemicolectomy should be performed to obtain free margins. The present study reports three cases of locally advanced right-colon cancer invading the proximal duodenum. All of these cases underwent successful en bloc pancreaticoduodenectomy plus right hemicolectomy, with no death occurrence. Long-term survival was observed in two cases (30 and 50 months). In the third case, the patient did not present any recurrence twelve months after surgical treatment. Multivisceral resection with en bloc pancreaticoduodenectomy should be considered for patients who present acceptable risk for major surgery and no distant dissemination. This approach seems justified since the length of postoperative survival is longer in radically ressected groups (R0) than in palliativelly resected groups (R1-2).Keywords: Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Colorectal neoplasms; Colonic neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Case reports resUMo Embora os tumores colorretais sejam afecções cirúrgicas relativamente comuns, 5 a 12% dos casos são diagnosticados como localmente avançados (Tumores T4). Nessa situação particular, a eficácia da ressecção em monobloco já foi comprovada. Quando tumores do cólon direito invadem o duodeno proximal ou ainda a cabeça do pâncreas, um desafiador dilema é observado devido à complexidade do procedimento cirúrgico curativo. Dessa maneira, uma pancreaticoduodenectomia com hemicolectomia direita em monobloco deve ser realizada para se obterem margens livres. O presente artigo relata três casos de tumor de cólon direito localmente avançado com invasão do duodeno proximal. Todos esses casos foram submetidos à pancreaticoduodenectomia e hemicolectomia direita em monobloco de forma bem sucedida e sem mortalidade. Sobrevida em longo prazo foi observada em dois doentes (30 e 50 meses). No terceiro caso, o paciente não apresentava recidiva após 12 meses de seu tratamento cirúrgico. A ressecção multivisceral com pancreaticoduodenectomia em monobloco deve ser considerada em doentes com risco cirúrgico aceitável para cirurgia de grande porte e sem disseminação à distância. Essa conduta permanece justificada, pois a sobrevida a longo prazo dos doentes submetidos à ressecção radical (R0) é mais longa do que daqueles cuja ressecção é paliativa (R1-2).
RESUMO: O HPV é a doença anal sexualmente transmissível mais diagnosticada em pacientes HIV positivos. Neste estudo investigamos a taxa de recidiva após tratamento cirúrgico do HPV em pacientes HIV positivos. Foi realizado um estudo retrospecA transmissão é comumente por relação sexual, e é estimado que mais de 50% das pessoas sexualmente ativas tenham sido infectadas por HPV em algum momento de suas vidas.5 O acometimento anal é comum e predomina em grupos com comportamento de risco para DST, antecedentes de tratamento de HPV genital ou anal prévio e portadores de prurido anal idiopático.1,6-9 O HPV também pode ser transmitido por via oral, manual ou vestimentas, pela proximidade com os genitais. 6,10,11 A maioria das infecções por HPV são assintomáticas, sendo que apenas 10% dos pacientes desenvolverão lesões verrucosas ou displasias.3,12,13 Em pacientes HIV positivos, as manifestações anogenitais são mais agressivas e com maior número de recidivas. 3,10,[12][13][14] O grau de imunidade dos pacientes, o vírus HIV e a agressividade viral estão relacionados a maiores taxas de prevalência, severidade, persistência e recidiva no tratamento do HPV. 15,16 O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar a recidiva de lesões associadas ao HPV anal em pacientes HIV positivos após tratamento cirúrgico.
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