The Assessment of Identity Development in Adolescence (AIDA) is a self-report instrument to detect pathological development of Identity. In Panamá, psychometric instruments for assessment of psychopathology in adolescence are lacking. Our aim was to develop a valid and reliable version of the AIDA Inventory for Panamanian Population. AIDA was adapted to Spanish considering cultural aspects of Panamanian population. Two pilot tests were performed prior to main test to assess item-total correlation at subscale, primary scale and total scale levels and internal consistency at subscale level. A mixed sample of students and PD patients (N = 315) completed the AIDA inventory, the “Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire” and “Defense Style Questionnaire−40.” AIDA was retested in a sub sample from school population (n = 98). The Structured Clinical Interview for Axis II Disorders was used for diagnosis of personality disorders in the patient sample (n = 25). Psychometric properties were tested to assess internal consistency, reliability, factorial validity, convergent validity, and criterion validity. AIDA Panama showed excellent internal consistency for the total scale Identity Diffusion with Cronbach's α:0.94 and a retest reliability of 0.84. A Bifactorial CFA was modeled to assess the dimensionality of the inventory. The proportion between OmegaH and Omega at total scales 96% of the variance is explained by a general factor. Furthermore, the Explained Common Variance for the General Factor is 73% supporting unidimensionality. In line with theory, AIDA total scale showed a high positive correlation (r = 0.67) with Total Difficulties scale and high positive correlation (r = 0.71) with Immature Defense scale. The AIDA total score differed highly significant (p = 0.000) between the patient sample and the students with a large effect size (d = 1.02).ConclusionThe adaptation and validation of AIDA for Panamanian adolescent population was successful with good psychometric properties and significant correlations with related psychopathological constructs. AIDA showed high clinical validity by providing a valid discrimination between the school sample and a diagnosed PD sample, in line with the assumption that impaired identity functioning is at the core of personality disorders, especially in adolescence.
El Programa Crianza Reflexiva es un método para fomentar en los cuidadores, una mejor conexión, una mayor curiosidad en el mundo interno de los niños y un mayor disfrute de las interacciones con sus hijos. Los cuidadores, al estar conscientes de los estados mentales de sus hijos y de los suyos propios, cultivan la función reflexiva y/o mentalización y la seguridad emocional de ellos. El objetivo de esta investigación es medir la efectividad del programa Crianza Reflexiva en cuidadores de niños de 4 a 12 años, en la ciudad de Panamá. Se realizó un ensayo controlado aleatorizado con tres mediciones, un pre-test, una post-test y un follow-up a tres meses. Una muestra de cuarenta cuidadores de niños entre 4 y 12 años de edad, fueron incluidos en el estudio y asignados de manera aleatoria a uno de dos grupos: control (n=20) y experimental (n=20). En los tres momentos de medición los participantes completaron cuestionarios de autoreporte para medir el estrés parental (PSI-SF), la eficacia parental (BPES), la función reflexiva parental (PRFQ) y la regulación emocional de niños (SDQ y ERC). Los resultados preliminares obtenidos mediante modelos de efectos mixtos permiten identificar que el programa de crianza reflexiva tuvo un efecto significativo, sobre el interés y curiosidad de los padres acerca de los estados mentales de sus hijos, sobre el estrés parental, y sobre los problemas externalizantes de sus hijos. Los efectos se mantuvieron a los tres meses de seguimiento. Estos hallazgos aportan evidencia sobre la efectividad del programa Crianza Reflexiva
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