This paper presents a new application field of a giant magneto-impedance (GMI) sensor. It shows valuable findings for the GMI sensor on the possibility of a new receiving element in magnetic field communication. The proposed GMI sensors serve as antennas and mixers in receiver systems. They have the advantage of being easily implemented and in terms of mass production and manufacturing processes due to the manufacture base on a printed circuit board (PCB). Their smaller size, lower cost, and higher sensitivity have more advantages than conventional magnetic sensors, such as the magneto-inductive, anisotropic magneto-resistive, and giant magneto-resistive sensors. Two types of PCB-based GMI sensors are proposed. The first type of GMI sensor is directly wound around the solenoid-shaped pickup coil onto an alumina insulation tube inserted with an amorphous microwire. The second type of GMI sensor has a patterned pickup coil that does not require the winding of the coil, similar to the patterned pickup coil of a micro electro-mechanical system-based GMI sensor. This GMI sensor provides a new geometry that can be easily manufactured with two PCB substrates. The proposed GMI sensors achieve the equivalent magnetic noise spectral density to the high-sensitivity characteristics of the pT/√Hz level. The equivalent magnetic noise spectral density of 1.5 pT/√Hz at 20.03 MHz is obtained for the first type of GMI sensor, and 3 pT/√Hz at 3.03 MHz is achieved the second type. The analyzed results of the bandwidth and the channel capacity for the two types of GMI sensors are acceptable. This first analysis confirms the possibility of the implementation of GMI sensors in magnetic field communication. The results of this experiment confirm the high performance of the proposed GMI sensors and their applicability in magnetic field communication. The detailed experimental results of the proposed GMI sensors are presented and discussed. INDEX TERMS Amorphous microwire, giant magneto-impedance (GMI), high sensitivity, magnetic field communication, magnetic sensor.
This paper proposes a novel instantaneous current sharing control scheme ensuring a fast dynamic response and an equal load sharing capability in parallel connected UPS(inverter). The proposed novel instantaneous current sharing control scheme is based on the instantaneous output voltage control with the current deviation control and the instantaneous current deviation cancellation control utilizing the current share bus circuit. The proposed novel instantaneous current sharing control circuitry employs the share bus signal line interconnecting all the paralleled inverter on a noise insensitive line. The voltage control circuitry forces all the paralleled inverter to share load current, almost equally, by adjustment of the instantaneous reference voltage signal obtained from the current share bus. With the current share bus and the current deviation controller, the paralleled inverter with the highest output current becomes the master inverter; then all the other inverters become slave inverters. The instantaneous output current of the master inverter is subtracted from the other inverters' output currents, and the current deviations in each inverter module are calculated. Hereafter, the instantaneous current sharing controller forces the output current deviations of each inverter to be zero in every switching period. Furthermore, the output reference of the voltage controller is instantaneously to eliminate the unbalanced power. This results in superior power balance performance for parallel operation.
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