Introduction- Lower Gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) constitutes a major spectrum of signs and symptoms among patients visiting general surgery clinics ranging from occult bleeding to hematochezia and massive hemorrhage with shock. It is a frequent cause of hospital admission, particularly in elderly patients, and is an important determinant of morbidity and mortality. Detailed history taking, thorough clinical examination, and judicious use of diagnostic modalities are paramount in delineating the causative factors. This study aims to understand the distribution and prevalence of various causes of LGIB in the general population visiting a tertiary care center in India. The present study was a prospective observational study conducted Methods- at the Department of General Surgery, Anantshree Multispeciality Hospital, Aurangabad, India to observe the prevalence of various causes of LGIB and their age and sex-wise distribution in the patients visiting the surgery clinic for a period of two years from January 2020 to December 2021. All patients were examined and investigated as per the standard protocols and the inclusion criteria to be included in the study. The sample size came out to be 700. The majority of the Resultsstudy participants were in the age group of 41-60 years and were males. The most common presenting symptom was hematochezia and the most common etiology of LGIB was found to be hemorrhoids in both males and females. The neoplastic cause (carcinoma) was seen in the elderly group of more than 60 years of age. 65.7 % of the patients in this study were found to have anemia. LGIB is a common and alarming Conclusionpresenting condition in the practice of gastroenterology and surgery. A careful clinical history and physical examination with colonoscopic visualization of the lesion with or without biopsy signicantly impact the patients' early diagnosis and proper treatment
Acute Intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency, both small and large intestine can be affected. Obstructed hernias are the commonest cause of intestinal obstruction. A clinico -epidemiologal study was conducted on 50 patients for a period of one year on patients with acute intestinal obstruction. In our study small bowel obstruction was more common than large bowel obstruction. External hernia either obstructed or strangulated was commonest cause of intestinal obstruction. There was low operative mortality in the hernia group despite the highest rate of associated strangulation. Early diagnosis of obstruction, careful selection of cases for surgery, skillful operative management, proper technique during surgery and intensive post operative treatment yielded great results.
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