The effect of Ramadan fasting on some blood parameters i.e. serum glucose, urea, uric acid, lipids and proteins, were investigated on young men in Ar Rohmah Islamic dormitory. Nineteen normal and healthy students aging between 12-25 years, residing in the Islamic dormitory, voluntarily to participated in the study. Blood samples were obtained from the volunteers on the 1st and 26th day of Ramadan and analyzed for the aforementioned biochemical parameters. A non-significant effect of Ramadan fasting was observed on most of the parameters studied. However, serum urea, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were reduced significantly (p0.05) but remained within the physiological limits. Decrease in blood urea has been attributed to the effect of at least protein and triglycerides intake to increase lipolytic effect. The reduction in serum cholesterol and LDL is a beneficial effect of Ramadan fasting. The results of the study indicated thatRamadan fasting is quite safe for normal healthy adults.

AIM. The aim of the study was to analyze Avra's effector in inducing cancer stem cells into colon cancer through increased radical oxygen species (ROS), PTEN expression and c-myC as markers of tumorigenesis in mice model of the colorectal cancer infected with S. typhimurium. METHODS. The study used balb c mice induced once a week by 10 mg / mL / day of AOM for 1-week and 12-week treatment period. Isolation of S. typhimurium specific protein had been carried out before being induced to mice in intraperitoneal manner in the amount of 40 mL / 50 mL. Propagation of S. typhimurium ATCC bacteria with MacConkey media and isolation of S. typhimurium protein were administered. The sample was divided into 4 groups, positive control group (group that was only exposed to azoxymethane (AOM), group exposed to both AOM and AvrA (AOM + AvrA), and group exposed to both AOM and S. typhimurium (AOM + S. typhimurium). Blood flow cytometry and soft tissue sampling for IHC and data analysis were then conducted. RESULTS. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in the expression of ROS, PTEN and c-Myc. Increased ROS expression was found in the 12-week treatment period group and it was known that such increase was due to AOM + S. typhimurium (45.78 ± 2.93) induction compared to AOM, AOM + AvrA and control (p <0.05). PTEN and C-myc expression increased at the 12th week compared to the negative control. CONCLUSION. Inflammation is the triggering factor for colorectal cancer, in which the expression of ROS, PTEN and c-Myc as the colorectal cancer markers increases in both the acute and chronic phases.

Introduction. Obesity is a metabolic syndrome as risk factor to the cardiovascular disease. Obesity occurs caused by adipocyte massive that is started by proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes that involves transcription factors such as C/EBPα, PPARγ and SREBP-1. Is known the TNF α and [Ca2+]i Increase when adiponectin decrease at the end of adipocyte differentiation. Therefore it is a deemed treat the obesity through the inhibition of adipocyte proliferation and differentiation using natural resources. Quercetin in due of the flavonoid found in apple, vegetables etc. The aim of this study is to prove the affectivity of quercetin to inhibit proliferation and differentiation of preadipocyte through inhibited of C/EBPα in rat preadipocytes culture method. Methods. Their study was a laboratory experimental. Quercetin was exposed to the preadipocytes human culture, after it was induced by differentiation stimulator the doses quercetin was grouped in: control, 50µM (Q50), 125µM (Q125) and 625µM (Q625) groups. The amount of proliferation and differentiation was descriptive analyzed. The expression of C/EBPα, were identified by Immunocytochemistry and western blotting. Result. Quercetin 100 inhibited the rate of proliferation cell, while quersetin 625 inhibited differentiation in preadipocytes culture. There was a dose dependent to quersetin towards the decrease of PPARγ expression and C/EBPα expression in this preadipocytes culture. Conclusion. It is conclusion that quersetin inhibits proliferation and differentiation preadipocytes culture through the decrease of the expresion of C/EBP α.

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