Layered superconductors have provided some interesting fields in condensed matter physics owing to the low dimensionality of their electronic states. For example, the high-T c (high transition temperature) cuprates and the Febased superconductors possess a layered crystal structure composed of a stacking of spacer (blocking) layers and conduction (superconducting) layers, CuO 2 planes or Fe-Anion layers. The spacer layers provide carriers to the conduction layers and induce exotic superconductivity. Recently, we have reported superconductivity in the novel BiS 2 -based layered compound Bi 4 O 4 S 3 . It was found that superconductivity of Bi 4 O 4 S 3 originates from the BiS 2 layers. The crystal structure is composed of a stacking of BiS 2 superconducting layers and the spacer layers, which resembles those of high-T c cuprate and the Fe-based superconductors. Here we report a discovery of a new type of BiS 2 -based layered superconductor LaO 1Àx F x BiS 2 , with a T c as high as 10.6 K.