AbstraktKunová G., Rada V., Lisová I., Ročková Š., Vlková E. (2011): In vitro fermentability of prebiotic oligosaccharides by lactobacilli. Czech J. Food Sci., 29 (Special Issue): S49-S54.Twelve strains of lactobacilli were tested for their growth and ability to utilise six prebiotics (pure substances and commercially available prebiotics) as a sole carbon source. All strains showed a considerable growth on all prebiotics tested. Inulin was the best carbohydrate source for lactobacilli, followed by lactulose and raffinose. A massive increase of viable cells on commercial prebiotic mixtures (Vivinal, Oligomate 55, and Orafti P95) was also observed. Lysozyme susceptibility was assayed in 13 strains of lactobacilli. Eight out of 13 strains were completely resistant to the lysozyme concentration of 400 µg/ml, in the rest of the strains a slight delay of the exponential phase of the growth curves was observed. Lactobacilli tolerated lysozyme well and were able to utilise all prebiotics.
Resistance or susceptibility of bifidobacteria to lysozyme and growth of bifidobacteria in human milk were tested. Susceptible bifidobacterial strains stopped their growth almost immediately after the addition of lysozyme (400 microg/ml), moderately susceptible strains exhibited reduced growth rate, and growth curves of resistant strains were not affected. Strains of human origin were more resistant to lysozyme than animal strains. While strains of B. bifidum grew well in human milk samples, the growth B. animalis strains was inhibited after inoculation to human milk. The resistance to lysozyme seems to be a promising criterion for the selection of new probiotic bifidobacterial strains.
Microbial colonization of the mammalian intestine begins at birth, when from a sterile state a newborn infant is exposed to an external environment rich in various bacterial species. An important group of intestinal bacteria comprises bifidobacteria. Bifidobacteria represent major intestinal microbiota during the breast-feeding period. Animal milk contains all crucial nutrients for babies' intestinal microflora. The aim of our work was to test the influence of different mammalian milk on the growth of bifidobacteria. The growth of seven strains of bifidobacteria in human milk, the colostrum of swine, cow's milk, sheep's milk, and rabbit's milk was tested. Good growth accompanied by the production of lactic acid was observed not only in human milk, but also in the other kinds of milk in all three strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum of different origin. Human milk selectively supported the production of lactic acid of human bifidobacterial isolates, especially the Bifidobacterium bifidum species. The promotion of bifidobacteria by milk is speciesspecific. Human milk contains a key factor for the growth of specific species or strains of human-origin bifidobacteria compared to other kinds of milk. In contrast, some components (maybe lysozyme) of human milk inhibited the growth of Bifidobacterium animalis. Animal-origin strains of bifidobacteria were not able to significantly grow even in milk of animal origin, with the exception of B. animalis subsp. lactis 1,2, which slightly grew in sheep's milk.
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