Background: Adhesions induced by biomaterials experimentally implanted in the abdominal cavity are basically studied by primary repair of different abdominal wall defects or by the correction of incisional hernias previously performed with no precise definition of the most appropriate model. Aim: To describe the adhesions which occur after the development of incisional hernias, before the prosthesis implantation, in an experimental model to study the changes induced by different meshes. Methods: Incisional hernias were performed in 10 rats with hernia orifices of standardized dimensions, obtained by the median incision of the abdominal wall and eversion of the defect edges. Ten days after the procedure adhesions of abdominal structures were found when hernias were repaired with different meshes. Results: The results showed hernia sac well defined in all rats ten days after the initial procedure. Adhesions of the greater omentum occurred in five animals of which two also showed adhesions of small bowel loops besides the omentum, and another two showed liver adhesions as well as the greater omentum, numbers with statistical significance by Student's t test (p<0.05). Conclusion: Although it reproduces the real clinical situation, the choice of experimental model of incisional hernia repair previously induced implies important adhesions, with possible repercussions in the evaluation of the second operation, when different implants of synthetic materials are used.
Introdução: A anastomose arteriovenosa latero-lateral é um procedimento complexo para acadêmicos de medicina, pois requer treinamento repetitivo. Objetivo: Comparar o aprendizado de alunos do quinto e décimo semestres da graduação de medicina, após treinamento de anastomose arteriovenosa latero-lateral, em modelo para treinamento que utiliza línguas bovinas. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo realizado na Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, com a participação de 20 graduandos de medicina (dois grupos de dez alunos, de quinto e décimo semestres). No primeiro dia os alunos assistiram aula sobre a técnica da anastomose arteriovenosa latero-lateral e realizaram o procedimento, sendo avaliados dez critérios quanto à realização do procedimento. Os grupos treinaram durante quatro sessões de duas horas e foram novamente submetidos à mesma avaliação. As notas médias foram analisadas pelo teste T de Student. Resultados: O grupo de quinto semestre obteve média de 3 pontos na avaliação 1 e 5 pontos na avaliação 2 (p = 0,08393). O grupo de décimo semestre obteve média de 5 pontos na avaliação 1 e 7 pontos na avaliação 2 (p = 0,08393). Conclusões: Comparando o desempenho dos alunos de quinto e décimo semestre, após treinamento específico da anastomose vascular proposta, houve melhora na nota dos dois grupos, mas não houve significância estatística quando os valores foram comparados.
BackgroundThe negative result of a research does not always indicate failure, and when the data do not permit a proper conclusion, or are contrary to the initial project, should not simply be discarded and archived.AimTo report failure after performing experimental model of liver ischemia and reperfusion normothermic, continuous or intermittent, in small animals aiming at the study of biochemical and histological parameters after postoperative recovery.MethodsFifteen Wistar rats were divided into three groups of five animals each; all underwent surgery, the abdomen was sutured after the proposed procedures for each group and the animals were observed for 6 h or until they died, and then were reoperated. In Group 1, control (sham-operated): dissection of the hepatic hilum was performed; in Group 2: clamping of the hepatic hilum for 30 m; in Group 3: clamping of the hepatic hilum for 15 m, reperfusion for 5 m and another 15 m of clamping. Data from Groups 2 and 3 were compared with Student's t test.ResultsAll animals of Group 1 survived for 6 h. Two animals in Group 2 died before the 6 h needed to validate the experiment; two did not recover from anesthesia and one survived until the end. In Group 3, four animals died before the 6 h established and one of them survived the required time. Only one animal in Group 2 and one in Group 3 survived and were able to accomplish the study. There was no statistical significance when the results of Groups 2 and 3 were compared (p>0.05).ConclusionThe death of six animals before the necessary period of observation turned the initial proposal of the experiment unfeasible.
Background: Extramedullary hematopoiesis depends on complex pathophysiological mechanisms linked to hematopoietic stem cells and the proteins considered mediators of the inflammation. The identification of hematopoietic cells outside bone marrow in the adult is an occurrence that can occasionally follows the inflammatory response, was considered a secondary occurrence, but current biomolecular studies have changed that concept. Aim: Describe the presence of clusters of precursor cells of platelets (megakaryocytes), and cells of the inflammatory response in the abdominal wall and spleen of rats with experimentally induced incisional hernias and repaired with different synthetic prostheses. Methods: Twenty-five rats with incisional hernias previously performed, were divided into groups of five animals each: Group 1, repair of the hernia defect without prosthetic implant; Group 2, repair with polypropylene prosthesis; Group 3, repair using polypropylene with low weight; Group 4, the use of polypropylene and polyglecaprone prosthesis; Group 5, of polypropylene and polyglactin prosthesis. All prostheses were cut in rhombus format with area 2,625 cm². The animals were reoperated after 10 days, the abdominal walls were removed with the viscera attached to them and the material was processed for histological study. Results: Megakaryocyte niches in the abdominal wall and spleen, occasionally removed together with the adhesions produced in animals with implantation of prostheses and significant inflammatory reaction. Conclusion: The intense inflammatory reaction due to the prostheses with polypropylene in their composition was disproportionate to the expected response, indicating that further studies should be accomplished including immunophenotyping evaluation and specific panels of monoclonal antibodies to better understand the findings.
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